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Bio Test #2
Cell Structure
26
Biology
Undergraduate 2
10/02/2013

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Term
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
Definition
Network of membrane sacks and tubes
Function: Active in membrane synthesis and metabolic processes
Term
Rough ER
Definition
With ribosomes
Function: Production of glycoproteins, distributes transport vesicles, generates new membranes.
Found in intestine, gal bladder, pancreas
Term
Smooth ER
Definition
Without Ribosomes
Function: Synthesizes lipids, metabolizes carbohydrates, detoxifies drugs and poisons, stores calcium ions
Found in Liver and nerve cells
Term
Flagellum
Definition
Motility structure found in animals. Microtubules coming from plasma membrane.
Term
Centrosome
Definition
reenforces cell shape.
Function: cell movement
Term
Microfilaments
Definition
Smallest.
Actin, tension, muscle contraction.
Term
Intermediate filaments
Definition
Medium
caratin, tension, hold things in place
Term
microtubules
Definition
Largest
Cell shape, moves chromosomes, compression
Term
Microvilli
Definition
Projections tha increases cell surface area
Term
Peroxisome
Definition
Specialized metabolic functions, produces hydrogen peroxide then converted to water
Term
Mitochondrion
Definition
Where cellular resperation occurs. ATP is generated. Good at breaking down fat and carbs.
Term
Lysosome
Definition
Digestive organelle where macromolecules are hydrolosised
Term
Golgi Apperatus
Definition
Activin synthesis. Modification, sorting, and secreation of cell products
Term
Ribosomes
Definition
Makes proteins. Free in cytosall or bound to rough ER
Term
Chromatin
Definition
Material consisting of DNA and Proteins
Term
Nucleolus
Definition
Involved in production of ribosomes. Transcription happens here.
Term
Cell Wall
Definition
Outer layer that maintains shape and protects cell. Made of cellulose
Term
Chloroplast
Definition
Photosynthetic organelle. Converts sunlight to chemical energy(sugar).
Term
Granum
Definition
(Green Stacks coins)
Term
Thylakoid
Definition
(single green coin)
Term
Central Vacuole
Definition
Prominent organelle in older plant cells.
Function: stores, breaks down.
Term
In animal cells, but not plant cells
Definition
Lysosomes, centrasomes, flagella
Term
In plant cells, but not animal cells
Definition
Chloroplasts, central vacuole, cell wall, plasma desmata
Term
Nuclear Poor
Definition
Exchange of large molecules.
Term
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Lumin
Definition
Space inside rough ER
Term
Cisternae
Definition
On the rough ER
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