Term
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Definition
when one parent
produces a genetically identical offspring |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
copy their single circular chromosome and then
split into two identical cells |
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Term
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Definition
| copy their chromosomes and split into 2 cells |
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Term
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Definition
Offspring grows directly
from the adult |
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Term
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Definition
Divide across the middle and remake each end to get two
new organisms |
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Term
| Asexual Reproduction: Advantages |
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Definition
- No need for a partner
– Can produce large numbers of offspring |
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Term
| Asexual Reproduction: Disadvantages |
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Definition
– Since all offspring are identical
– low ability to adapt to environmental change |
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Term
| Sexual reproduction definition |
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Definition
is the creation of offspring
from two parents |
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Term
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Definition
– sex cells
– egg or sperm |
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Term
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Definition
– gamete-producing structures
– ovaries or testes |
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Term
|
Definition
yes.
– Half the amount of DNA as a “normal” cell
– One of each pair of homologous chromosomes |
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Term
| Fusion of two haploid gametes |
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Definition
– results in a diploid (2n) fertilized egg
– known as a zygote |
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Term
| Example of sexual reproduction forming a zygote |
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Definition
– Normal cells have 4 chromosomes
– Gametes have 2 chromosomes
– 2 gametes together = zygote with 4 chromosomes |
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Term
|
Definition
a mixture of parental genetic information
– Half came from egg, mom
– Half came from sperm, dad |
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Term
| Between Asexual and Sexual rproduction, which produces genetically unique offspring? |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
animals that have both
female and male reproductive systems
– Have eggs
– Can produce and receive sperm
– Earthworms are an example |
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Term
|
Definition
• female lays eggs in water,
• male releases sperm over the eggs
• aquatic invertebrates, fish, amphibians |
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Term
| Internal Fertilization = Copulation |
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Definition
• sexual intercourse allows internal fertilization
• sharks, reptiles, birds, mammals |
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Term
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Definition
• Occurs Within the Female Body
• Internal fertilization is essential for reproduction on
land |
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Term
| What does Mature sperm consist of? |
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Definition
– cytoplasm is removed
– head with DNA
– midpiece with mitochondria
– tail |
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Term
| Female Reproductive Tract |
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Definition
Includes the
Ovaries and Accessory Structures |
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Term
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Definition
Includes the Testes
and Accessory Structures |
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Term
| Where are sperm produced? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Production of mature eggs
– begins in the female fetus
– pauses until puberty |
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Term
| Female accessory structures |
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Definition
– Allow sperm access to mature egg
– Carry fertilized egg to Uterus for development |
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Term
| At puberty, how many egg cells develop each month in a female |
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Definition
1 egg cell develops each month
– until menopause (cessation of menstruation)
• About 2 million potential eggs in fetus
• Only 700,000 eggs at birth
• Only 350,000 eggs left at puberty |
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Term
| How soon is the egg cell released from the ovary after it is formed, and what is this process called? |
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Definition
The 1 egg cell that develops each month is released from the ovary about 12 hours after it is formed. This is called ovulation
– released from the ovary about 12 hours after it is formed |
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Term
| When does ovulation occur? |
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Definition
Occurs on the 14th day of a 28 day menstrual
cycle
– Occurred 14 days before the first day of your
period |
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Term
| How long are sperm able to fertilize an egg in the body after intercourse? |
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Definition
They are alive and able to fertilize an egg for up to 6 DAYS after
intercourse!!! |
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Term
| Outside of the body, how long are sperm viable? |
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Definition
| Sperm are viable for up to 72 hours |
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Term
| How long are eggs viable? |
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Definition
| for at least 24 hours after ovulation |
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Term
| Hormonal Methods of birth prevention |
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Definition
Prevent ovulation of eggs
– Examples: birth control pills, Depo-Provera injections |
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Term
| Barrier methods of preventing fertilization |
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Definition
Prevent sperm and eggs from meeting
– Examples: condoms, diaphram, spermicide |
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Term
| Methods that prevent implantation of zygote |
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Definition
Prevent implantation of fertilized egg
– Examples: IUD, morning after pill |
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Term
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Definition
emit a low dose of synthetic progesterone
and estrogen
– This mimics pregnancy
– No ovulation
– Very little uterine lining development (lighter period) |
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Term
| Progesterone Only Pills or Minipill |
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Definition
Less effective than Birth control pills. Low dose of progesterone
– Usually stops ovulation
– Creates mucus plug barrier |
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Term
|
Definition
• Gonorrhea
• Syphilis
• Chlamydia |
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Term
|
Definition
HIV = AIDS
• HPV = genital warts and Cervical CANCER
• HBV = Hepatitis B
• HSV-1 = cold sores
• HSV-2 = genital herpes |
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Term
| Insect, Protozoan, and Fungal stds |
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Definition
Crab lice
• Trichonomiasis
• Yeast |
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