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24
Biology
10th Grade
10/03/2012

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Term
two layer "sandwich" of molecules that surround a cell
Definition
Phospholipid bilayer
Term
Net movement of the particles of a substance from where they are more concentrated to where they are less concentrated
Definition
Diffusion
Term
Point at which the number of diffusing molecules moving in one direction is equal to the number moving in the opposite direction
Definition
equilibrium
Term
membrane that allows some substances to pass, but not others
Definition
selectively permeable membrane
Term
Having a higher concentration of solute than another solution
Definition
Hypertonic
Term
Having a lower concentration of solute than another solution
Definition
hypotonic
Term
having a solute concentration equal to that of another solution
Definition
isotonic
Term
Movement of molecules across a membrane requiring energy to be expended by the cell
Definition
Active transport
Term
diffusion across a membrane that does not require energy to be expended by the cell
Definition
passive transport
Term
a small, membrane-bound sac that functions in moving products into, out of, and within a cell
Definition
Vesicle
Term
pathway provided by transport proteins that helps certain molecules pass through a membrane
Definition
Facilitated diffusion
Term
the process of exporting proteins from a cell by a vesicle fusing with the plasma membrane
Definition
exocytosis
Term
process of taking material into a cell within vesicles that bud inward from the plasma membrane
Definition
endocytosis
Term
passive transport of water across a selectively permeable membrane
Definition
osmosis
Term
double membrane that surrounds a cell nucleus
Definition
nuclear envelope
Term
ball-like mass of fibers and granules in a cell nucleus
Definition
nucleolus
Term
cluster of proteins and nucleic acids that construct proteins in a cell
Definition
ribosome
Term
network of membranes within a cell's cytoplasm that produce a variety of molecules
Definition
endoplasmic reticulum
Term
Cellular organelle that modifies, stores, and routes cell products
Definition
Golgi apparatus
Term
membrane-bound sac that buds from endoplasmic reticulum or the Golgi apparatus
Definition
vacuole
Term
membrane-bound sac that contains digestive enzymes that can break down proteins, nucleic acids, and polysaccharides
Definition
lysosome
Term
organelle found in some plant cells and certain unicellular organisms where photosynthesis takes place
Definition
Chloroplast
Term
cellular organelles where cellular respiration occurs
Definition
mitochondria
Term
main energy source that cells use for most of their work
Definition
ATP
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