Term
|
Definition
A chemical bond in which the electron(s) shared are shared unevenly due to the uneven electronegative distribution in a bond.
Ex. Water molecules has a negative oxygen binding to two positive hydrogen atoms. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A molecule with uneven electron distribution, making an uneven charge. |
|
|
Term
| Water's Four Emergent Properties that make it suitable for life. |
|
Definition
- Cohesive behavior
- Ability to moderate temperature
- Expansion upon freezing
- Suitability as a solvent |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The "stickiness," per say of water molecules together, due to hydrogen bonds, which allows water to travel up a tree. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Adhesion of water to different substances due to hydrogen bonds, which sticks water to cell walls of trees as it travels upward. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A measure of how difficult it is to stretch or break the surface of a liquid. Due to water's hydrogen bonding, it has a high surface tension. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The energy of atoms associated with motion. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A form of energy, the matter's total kinetic energy due to the motion of molecules, which is dependent on volume. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The measure of heat intensity that represents the average kinetic energy, regardless of volume. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The unit of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1* C. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Energy unit equal to 0.239 calories. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The amount of heat that must be absorbed or lost for 1 gram of that substance to change by 1* C. Water has an especially high specific heat. |
|
|
Term
| Why water has a high specific heat |
|
Definition
| A lot of energy must be absorbed when breaking hydrogen bonds |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The quantity of heat a liquid must absorb for 1 g of the liquid to be evaporated, which is especially high in water. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The cooling of a surface as a liquid evaporates due to the "hottest" molecules with the greatest kinetic energy leaving the liquid first, which requires a lot of energy carried off from the surface to do. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A completely homogeneous mixture. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A solution in which the water is the solvent. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The polar "shell" of a water molecule surrounding each molecule of a solute to make a solution. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Any substance that has an affinity for water. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A stable suspension of fine particles in a liquid due to the size of the particles being to big to be dissolved.
Ex. Cotton |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Nonionic, non-polar substances that do not dissolve in water. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The sum of all the masses of all the atoms in a molecule, usually measured in Moles. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 6.022 x 10^23 atoms (Avogardo's number) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The number of moles of solute per liter of solution. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
H+ and OH-
Hydrogen ion and hydroxide ion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A hydrogen that has lost an electron due to a hydrogen bond. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A hydrogen that has lost a proton due to a hydrogen bond. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| When a proton lost from a hydrogen ion joins another water molecule to form a hydronium ion (H30). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A substances with an increased hydrogen ion (H+) concentration; o-6 on the pH scale. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A substance with an increased hydroxide ion concentration (OH-); 8-14 on the pH scale. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The negative logarithim (base 10) of the hydrogen ion concentration. |
|
|
Term
| A solution of pH 10 has a hydrogen ion concentration of __________ and a hydroxide ion concentration of ___________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A substance that minimizes changes in the hydrogen by accepting or donating hydrogen ions.
Ex. Carbonic Acid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A process in which the oceans lower their pH, or raise their acidity by gaining hydrogen ions from C02 burned. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Precipitation was a pH lower than 5.2 due to fossil fuel burning that adds hydrogen ions to the clouds. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
