Term
| They are not green means they do not do photosynthesis. |
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Definition
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| Fungi are heterotrophs and absorb nutrients from outside of their body |
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Definition
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| Fungi use enzymes to break down a large variety of complex molecules into smaller organic compounds in unexploited organic matter (a food source) |
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Definition
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| Fungi use enzymes to break down a large variety of complex molecules into smaller organic compounds in unexploited organic matter (a food source) |
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Definition
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Term
| Fungi can breakdown cellulose and lingnin “Wood” |
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Definition
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Term
| Fungi consist of mycelia, networks of branched hyphae adapted for absorption, and are usually underground. |
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Definition
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| Fungal cell walls contain chitin, a mucopolysaccharide, which is the same material that make up the protective coats of anthropods |
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Definition
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Multicellular fungi consist of long, slender filaments called hyphae
Other are divided by Septa or the joint of the hyphae |
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| Mycorrhizae are mutually beneficial relationships between fungi and plant roots |
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Definition
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Term
| Ectomycorrhizal (Ecto meaning outside) fungi form sheaths of hyphae over a root and also grow into the extracellular spaces of the root cortex |
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Definition
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Term
| Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Endo meaning inside) extend hyphae through the cell walls of root cells and into tubes formed by invagination of the root cell membrane |
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Definition
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Term
| Fungi use sexual signaling molecules called pheromones to communicate their mating type, like many animals such as Bombyx Moth, ants, and Mammals |
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Definition
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Term
| Fungi were among the earliest colonizers of land and probably formed mutualistic relationships with early land plants |
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Definition
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Term
| Chytrids (phylum Chytridiomycota) are found in freshwater and terrestrial habitats |
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Definition
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Term
| Molecular evidence supports the hypothesis that chytrids diverged early in fungal evolution and closely resemble the ancient, primitive ancestor of fungi. The beginning of the Fungi, None of the other fungi have fluctuated spores. |
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Definition
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Term
The life cycle of black bread mold (Rhizopus stolonifer) is fairly typical of the phylum
Bread Mold can shoot their Spore sac up to a Meter. |
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Definition
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Term
The glomeromycetes (phylum Glomeromycota) were once considered zygomycetes
They are now classified in a separate clade |
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Definition
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| Glomeromycetes form arbuscular mycorrhizae |
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Definition
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Term
| Ascomycetes (phylum Ascomycota) live in marine, freshwater, and terrestrial habitats “Bats” Bugs with Horns |
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Definition
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Ascomycetes: 1.Hyphae penetrate the root cell wall
1. By far the most common up to 70% of species
2. Fungal partners are glomeromycetes |
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Definition
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Term
Ectomycorrhizae
1.Hyphae surround but do not Penetrate the root cells.
2. Most hosts are forest trees. Pines oaks
3. Fungal partners are mostly Basidiomycetes (30% of the mycorrhizia) |
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Definition
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Term
| Basidomycetes (phylum Basidiomycota) include mushrooms, puffballs, and shelf fungi, mycorrhizae, and plant parasites, They look like little clubs. |
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Definition
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Term
| Mushrooms toadstools shelf fungi and puffballs are examples of the Basidiomycete |
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Definition
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| Understand the basic trend of the Sex Cycle |
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Definition
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Term
Fairy rings start when a spore lands in a meadow or a
Lawn and spreads its mycelium from that central
Region outward in a large circle, indicated by a circle of
Basidiocarps on the peripheral edge of the mycelium. Fungal
Enzymes |
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Definition
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Term
| Fungi form mutualistic relationships with plants,( their roots especially) algae, cyanobacteria, and animals |
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Definition
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Term
| Plants harbor harmless symbiotic endophytes, fungi that live inside leaves or other plant parts |
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Definition
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Term
| Endophytes make toxins that deter herbivores and defend against pathogens “Endo”-inside “Phytes”-plant |
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Definition
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Term
Most endophytes are ascomycetes
Natural Insecticide for the plant. |
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Definition
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Term
| An example of fungi forming mutual symbioses with invertebrate animals is: |
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Definition
| -Leaf cutter attini ants that have domesticated |
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Definition
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Definition
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| Ants have treptomyces bacteria that makes an antibiotic to kill of competting fungi. |
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| A lichen is a symbiotic association between a photosynthetic microorganism ( a cyanobacteria, green algae) and a fungus( a basidiomycete or ascomycete) in which millions of photosynthetic cells are held in a mass of fungal hyphae. |
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Definition
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| Lichens live in a relationship that is mutalistic. Some think that it is parasitic on a photosynthetic host. |
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Definition
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The algae provide carbon compounds, cyanobacteria also provide organic nitrogen, and fungi provide the environment for growth
The fungi of lichens can reproduce sexually and asexually. |
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Definition
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Term
| A lichen is a composite organism that consits of a fungal symbiont (an ascomycete or sometimes a basidiomycete fungus) and one or more photoautotrophs (Green algae or cyanobacteria) |
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Definition
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Term
| The general term for a fungal infection in animals is |
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Definition
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Systemic mycoses spread through the body
For example, coccidioidomycosis produces tuberculosis-like symptoms |
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Definition
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Term
| Some mycoses are opportunistic |
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Definition
| For example, Candida albicans, which causes yeast infections |
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Term
| Make sure you know what the difference between the fungal Groups “How they Have Sex” |
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Definition
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Term
Ciliates, a large varied group of protists, are named for their use of cilia to move and feed
They have large macronuclei and small micronuclei |
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Definition
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Term
| Brown algae are the largest and most complex algae “Seaweed” |
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Definition
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Term
Oomycetes include water molds, white rusts, and downy mildews
They were once considered fungi based on morphological studies |
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Definition
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Most oomycetes are decomposers or parasites
They have filaments (hyphae) that facilitate nutrient uptake
Their ecological impact can be great, as in potato blight caused by Phytophthora infestans This is what caused the potato famine |
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Definition
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| Marine protists called radiolarians have tests fused into one delicate piece, usually made of silica There Test or shell is made of glass. |
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Definition
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Term
| Foraminiferans, or forams, are named for porous, generally multichambered shells, called tests made from calcium Carbonate aka “Calk” |
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Definition
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Term
| Red algae and green algae are the closest relatives of land plants |
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Definition
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Term
| Archaeplastida is the supergroup that includes red algae, green algae, and land plants |
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Definition
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Term
| Red algae are reddish in color due to an accessory pigment called phycoerythrin, which masks the green of chlorophyll, so they absorb blue light and reflect and transmit red light. |
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Definition
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Term
| Green algae are named for their grass-green chloroplasts |
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Definition
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Term
Plants are descended from the green algae
Green algae are a paraphyletic group
The two main groups are chlorophytes and charophyceans |
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Definition
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Term
| Cells feed individually, but can aggregate to form a fruiting body or in other terms an amoeboid stage that produces spores…. Plamods have plasmids on the test |
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Definition
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