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Bio 1610 - 8th edition Chapter 3
Chapter 3 Chem of Life: Organic Compounds
16
Biology
Undergraduate 1
09/13/2010
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Term
Hydrocarbon
 Definition
an organic compound composed solely of hydrogen and carbon atoms.
Term
Organic compound
 Definition
compound consisting of a backbone made up of carbon atoms.
Term
Isomer
 Definition
one of two or more chemical compounds having the same chemical formula but different structural formulas.
Term
functional group
 Definition
a group of atoms that confers distintive properties on an organic molecule to which it is attached.
Term
Hydroxyl Group
 Definition
R-O-H
Term
Aldehyde Group
 Definition
R-C=O
-N
Term
Ketone Group
 Definition
=O
R-C-R
Term
Carboxyl Group
 Definition
=O
R-C
-O-H
Term
Amino Group
 Definition
-H
R-N
-H
Term
Phosphate Group
 Definition
=O
R-O-P-O-N
-O
-H
Term
Sulfhydryl Group
 Definition
R-S-H
Term
Macromolecule
 Definition
A very large organic molecule.
Term
polymer
 Definition
A molecule built up from repeating subunits of the same general type.
Term
Monomer
 Definition
A molecule that can link with other similar molecules.
Term
hydrolysis reaction
 Definition
reaction in which a covalent bond between two subunits is broken through the addition of the equivalent of a water molecule.
Term
condensation reaction
 Definition
a reaction in which two monomers are combined covalently through the removal of a water molecule.
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