Term
| A person with two X chromosomes and one Y chromosome has a condition called _______. |
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Definition
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Term
| A genetic cross involving one gene is called a ______. |
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Definition
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Term
| Individuals that carry two different alleles of the same gene are _______ for that gene. |
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Definition
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Term
| A _____ is a factor of inheritance for a particular trait or characteristic. |
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Definition
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Term
| A _______ allele is one whose phenotypic effect is the same in both heterozygous and homozygous condition. |
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Definition
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Term
| In a population, polygenic traits show a continuous range of phenotypes that appoximate a _____ distribution. |
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Definition
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Term
| A person with the genotype Gg is ________ for that trait and carries two different _____ of that gene. |
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Definition
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Term
| _____ is the study of how traits are passed from one generation to the next. |
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Definition
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Term
| Recombinant gametes are the result of ______ ___ which occurs in prophrase I of meiosis. |
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Definition
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Term
| A test cross involves crossing an individual of unknown genotype with a ________ recessive individual. |
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Definition
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Term
TRUE or FALSE
Recessive alleles are never expressed |
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Definition
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Term
TRUE or FALSE
A monohybrid cross is a cross between two individuals that differ with respect to two characteristics. |
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Definition
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Term
TRUE or FALSE
Mendel's first Law states that alleles of one gene stay together during the formation of gametes. |
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Definition
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Term
TRUE or FALSE
Linked genes are found close together on the same chromosome. |
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Definition
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Term
| Define genotype and phenotype. |
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Definition
| Genotype is the genetic makeup of an organism ( ex. RrHh) while phenotype is the expressed traits of an organism (ex. purple petals). |
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Term
| What is a frequency? A ratio? Give an example of each with both genotype and phenotype. |
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Definition
Frequency: the proportion of one type of thing to the total population.
Genotypic frequency- 0.5 Dd, 0.25 DD, 0.25 dd
Phenotypic frequency- 0.75 blue seeds, 0.25 red seeds
Ratio: the proportion of one thing to another.
Genotypic ratio- 1 DD: 2 Dd: 1 dd
Phenotypic ratio- 3 green seeds: 1 white seed
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Term
| What is Mendel's first law? |
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Definition
| alleles of one gene segregate from one another during the formation of gametes. |
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Term
| What is Mendel's second law? |
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Definition
| Alleles of different genes assort independently of one another during gamete formation. |
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Term
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Definition
| There is only one sex chromosome present. |
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Term
| What are the remaining non-sex chromosomes in the nucleus collectively called? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why is the gender of any new offspring determined by the type of male gamete that fertilizes the female gamete? |
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Definition
| Because female gametes will always have X while males will either have X or Y. Thus, XX is female and XY is male, a result of the male gamete that fertilizes the female gamete. |
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Term
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Definition
| downsyndrome; an extra chromosome on the 21st pair. |
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Term
| What is protan deficiency? |
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Definition
| reduced amounts or complete absence of red photoreceptors in the eye resulting in the reduced visibility of reds. |
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Term
| What is deutan deficiency? |
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Definition
| reduced amounts or complete absence of green photoreceptors in the eye resulting in reduced visibility of greens. |
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