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| A specialized area of biology that deals with living things ordinarily too small to be seen without magnification. |
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| A living thing ordinarily too small to be seen without magnification; an organism of microscopic size. |
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| noncellular, parasitic, protein-coated genetic elements dependent on their infected host. |
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| A cell that has a a nuclear membrane (a well-defined nucleus), membrane-bounded subcellular organelles, and mitotic cell division. |
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| cells lacking special structures such as a nucleus and organelles. All prokaryotes are microorganisms. |
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| present everywhere at the same time (trait of bacteria) |
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| the light-fueled conversion of carbon dioxide to organic material, accompanied by the formation of oxygen. |
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| involvs the breakdown of dead matter and wastes into simple compounds that can be directed back into the natural cycles of living things. |
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| a newer area of biotechnology that manipulates the genetics of microbes, plants, and animals for the purpose of creating new produts and genetically modifying organisms (GMOs). |
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| recombinant DNA technology |
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| A technology that makes it possible to transfer genetic material from one organism to another and to deliberately alter DNA. |
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involves the introduction of microbes into the environment to restore stability or to clean up toxic pollutants. |
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| small, double-membrane-bound structures in the eukaryotic cell that perform specific functions and include the nucleus, mitochondria, and choloplasts. |
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| A more specific name for a virus when it is outside of its host cells. |
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| an organism that lives on or within another organism (the host), from which it obtains nutrients and enjoys protection. The parasite produces some degree of harm in the host. |
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| organism in which smaller organisms or viruses live, feed, and reproduce. |
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| principles and procedures for the systematic pursuit of knowledge, involving the recognition and formulation of a problem, the collection of data through observation and experimentation, and the formulation and test of a hypothesis. |
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| a tentative explanation to account for what has been observed or measured |
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| most common way to apply the scientific method. A scientist constructs a hypothesis, tests its validty by outlining particular events that are predicted by the hypothesis, and then performs experiments to test for those events. |
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| a theory is a collection of statements, propositions, or concepts that explains or accounts for a natural event. NOT the result of a single experiment. |
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| aimed at reducing microbes in a medical setting and preventing wound infections. |
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| a theory first originating in the 1800s that proposed that microorgansism can be the cause of diseases. (led rise to Koch's postulates) |
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| the science of classifying living beings |
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| arrangement in order of rank |
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| binomial system of nomenclature |
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the method of assigning scientific or specific name. combination of the genus name followed by the species name. |
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an important theme in biology which states that the hereditary information in living beings changes gradually through time and that these changes result in various structural and functional changes through many generations. |
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| prokaryotic single-celled organisms of primitive origin that have unusual anatomy, physiology, and genetics and live in harsh habitats. when capitalized, the term refers to one of the three domains of living organisms as proposed by Woese. |
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| all known organisms are assigned to one of these three major taxonomic units (Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.) |
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