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Bio 101
N/A
48
Biology
Undergraduate 1
12/09/2013

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Term
What is biology
Definition
the study of life
Term
Independent variable
Definition
manipulates or changes
Term
dependent variable
Definition
outcome/ results/ whats measured
Term
control variable
Definition
unmanipulated
Term
constant variable
Definition
same between the experiments
Term
hypothesis
Definition
educated guess
Term
characteristics of living organisms
Definition
composed of cells
reproduction via DNA
take in energy
sense and respond
maintain internal conditions
evolve
Term
who is the father of taxonomy
Definition
carl linnaeus
Term
what is systematics
Definition
organizing organisms based on ancestor data
Term
how do you create an evolutionary tree
Definition
behavior
function
appearance
Term
what are the 3 major domains
Definition
archae
bacteria
eukaray
Term
how do you name species
Definition
kingdom
phylum
class
order
family
geneus
species
Term
what is biodiversity
Definition
the variety of life in a particular habitat
Term
archaeans
Definition
ancient extremofiles, can live anywhere
Term
prokaryotes
Definition
single celled
no membrane
no nucleus
older
asexual
Term
eukaryotes
Definition
single or multicellular
nucleus
membrane
asexual or sexual
Term
what is an organelle
Definition
a number of organized or specialized structures within a living cell.
Term
how did plants colonize
Definition
vascular system
stomata
guard cell
waxy coating
Term
angiosperms
Definition
flowering plants
inclosed seeds
Term
protons
Definition
are positive
Term
hydrogen bonds
Definition
water between bases and DNA
Term
pH
Definition
acid below 7
base above 7
7=neutral
Term
basic enzymes
Definition
lowers activation energy
Term
passive transport
Definition
high to low
no energy (ATP)
passive channel
carrier protein
Term
Active transport
Definition
low to high
requires energy
carrier protein
changes shape
Term
what is exocytosis
Definition
releases molecules
Term
what is endocytosis
Definition
brings in molecules
Term
what is the formula for cellular respiration
Definition
C6H12O+6O2 Yield 6H2O+6CO2+ATP
Term
where does cellular reparation occur
Definition
cytoplasm
Term
What is the formula for photosynthesis
Definition
6H2O+6CO2+sunlight Yield C6H12O6+6O2
Term
where does photosynthesis occur
Definition
chloroplast
Term
what is phosphorylation
Definition
the adding of P
A-P-P +P
ADP
A-P-P-P
ATP
NRG releases
Term
where does the light reaction take place
Definition
thylakoid
Term
what is the order of the process of the light reaction
Definition
Photosystem II and ATP synthase
Photosystem I
Term
what is another name for the dark reaction
Definition
calvin cycle
Term
where does the dark reaction take place
Definition
stroma
Term
what happens in the dark reaction
Definition
CO2 enters through the stroma
glucose is made
Term
what is fermentation in animals
Definition
lactic acid is produced and creates NAD+
Term
what is mitosis
Definition
divides once
2 cells
genetically identical
46 chromosomes
Term
what is meiosis
Definition
divides twice
4 cells
genetically different
23 chromosomes
sex cells
Term
what is interphase
Definition
first steps of mitosis
G1- cell growth
S- synthesis of DNA
G2-Cell growth
Term
what is the outcome of mitosis
Definition
identical daughter cells
Term
what is the outcome of meiosis
Definition
4 genetically different sex cells
Term
what happens in prophase
Definition
chromosomes condense
Term
what happens in metaphase
Definition
chromosomes line up
Term
what happens in anaphase
Definition
chromosomes separate to poles
Term
what happens in telophase
Definition
cytoplasm pinches in the middle
Term
what happens in cytokinesis
Definition
the cytoplasm splits into two
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