Term
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Definition
Gametes are fromed by gonads by meiosis
haploid+haploid=diploid (zygote) |
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Term
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Definition
system that gives gamete a gender
TDF gives the Y chromosome |
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Term
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Definition
Gametes are fromed by gonads by meiosis
haploid+haploid=diploid (zygote) |
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Term
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Definition
| hypothalamus->(GnRH)->anterior pituitary->(LH & FSH)->gonads->(sperm or ova)->sex hormones |
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Term
| Male: Organs of male reproductive system |
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Definition
Testes(gonads)-inside gametes are made of sex hormones are produced
Vas Defferends-how gametes leave the body. can not go straight thru b/c of how the body has developed. long duct extends into pelvic cavity then out thru penis |
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Term
| Male: 2 compartments of testes |
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Definition
1. Seminiferous tubules-site of spermatogenesis (gamete prduction) and contains sertoli cells (FSH receptors)
2. Leydig Cells- found in space around tubules (LH receptors), testosterone production |
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Term
| Male: control of Gonadotropin secretion & spermatogenesis |
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Definition
-LH stimulates Leydig cells (with Lh receptors) to secrete testosterone;
-Testosterone targets Sertoli cells in seminiferous tubules to produce spermatozoa
-FSH stimulates sertoli cells to produce spermatozoa & inhabin (controls FSH secretion
-cMale elevates LH &FSH levels and things return to normal |
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Term
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Definition
-FSH &LH secretion is highest in the first 6 months but falls until puberty
-At puberty hypothalamus increases secretion of GnRH
-Stimulates ant. pit. to increase LH& FSH which stimulates sex steroid secretion
-drives changes in secondary sex characteristics
-growth of pubic & axillary hair, sweat glands, sebaceous glands are due to androgen secretion from adrenal cortex (from pituitary adrenal axis) |
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Term
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Definition
| Production of female gametes which develops inside follicles |
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Term
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Definition
| hormones are produced by the walls of the follicules |
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Term
| Ovarian Cycle (pre cycle) |
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Definition
1. primary follicle develops into secondary
2. secondary follicle develops fluid-filled vesicles that form a single cavity called antrum.
3. Fluid in antrum has a high concentration of estrogen; estrogen increases the number of FSH & LH receptors
4. Follicle turns into Graafian follicle
5. Ovulation stimulates a rise in LH which sends to anterior pitutiary to slow it down. |
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Term
| Ovarian Cycle (post ovulation/no fertilization) |
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Definition
1. follicle becomes corpus luteum which produces progesterone & estrogen
2. Corpus luteum only lasts for 10-12 days and then degenerates
NEGATIVE FEEDBACK: high est/pro/ detected by hypothalamus: GnRH down, FSH & LH down, corpus lutuem degenerates |
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Term
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Definition
Follicular Phase:
day 1: bleeding starts; multpile follicles develop
day 7: dominant follicle selected and matures
day 14:ovulation occurs
LUTEAL PHASE:
day 15: corpus luteum functions
day 25: corpus luteum degenerates
day 28: cycle repeats |
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Term
Uterine (Menstrual) Cycle
1. Menstrual Phase |
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Definition
| loss of tissue from the lining for endometrium |
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Term
Uterine (Menstrual) Cycle
2. Profiferative phase: |
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Definition
| elevated estrogen causing growth of endometrial glands (where it would be planted) |
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Term
Uterine (Menstrual) Cycle
3. Secretory Phase |
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Definition
elevated est/pro levels caused by secretion by endometrial glands. this phase continues as long as corpus luteum is intact & still producing progesterone and estrogen.
if fertilization, levels of progesterone and estrogen continue to increase |
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Term
| Ovarian Cycle: Fertilization occurs |
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Definition
blastocytes secrete hormone-hCG
hCG maintains corpus luteum and estrogen/progesterone secretion from the corpus luetum. Shedding is prevented |
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Term
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Definition
hCG is high in the 1st 3 months
Estrogen/ progesterone get high in 3-9 |
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