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Behavioral Science Terms
Terms from the first 3 Behavioral Science lectures
77
Medical
Professional
08/20/2009

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Term
Anorexia
Definition
Loss of, or decrease in, appetite
Term
Hyperphagia
Definition
Increase in intake of food
Term
Normal Thinking
Definition
Thinking refers to the ideational components of mental activity, processes used to imagine, appraise, evaluate, forecast, plan, create and will.
Term
Psychosis
Definition
Inability to distinguish reality from fantasy; impaired reality testing with the creation of a new reality
Term
Formal Thought Disorder
Definition
Thinking characterized by loosened associations, neologisms, and illogical constructs; thought process is disordered, and the person is defined as psychotic
Term
Autistic Thinking
Definition
Preoccupation with inner, private world; term used somewhat synonymously with dereism. (One of the four A‘s of schizophrenias.)
Term
Magical Thinking
Definition
A form of dereistic thought; in which thoughts, words, or actions assume power (for example, they can cause or prevent events)
Term
Irrelevant answer
Definition
Answer that is not in harmony with question asked (patient appears to ignore or not attend to question)
Term
Loosening of association
Definition
Flow of thought in which ideas shift from one subject to another in a completely unrelated way; when severe, speech may be incoherent
Term
Incoherence
Definition
Thought that generally is not understandable; running together of thoughts or words with no logical or grammatical connection, resulting in disorganization
Term
Incoherence
Definition
Thought that generally is not understandable; running together of thoughts or words with no logical or grammatical connection, resulting in disorganization
Term
Word salad
Definition
Incoherent mixture of words and phrases
Term
Glossolalia
Definition
Neologisms that simulate coherent speech; the expression of a revelatory message through unintelligible words (also known as speaking in tongues); not considered a disturbance in thought if associated with practices of specific religions
Term
Blocking
Definition
Abrupt interruption in train of thought before a thought or idea is finished.
Term
Pressure of speech
Definition
Rapid speech that is increased in amount and difficult to interrupt.
Term
Volubility (logorrhea)
Definition
Copious, coherent, logical speech. Can't interrupt.
Term
Flight of ideas
Definition
Rapid, continuous verbalizations or plays on words produce constant shifting from one idea to another.
Term
Clang associations
Definition
Association of words similar in sound but not in meaning; words have no logical connection; may include rhyming and punning
Term
Circumstantiality
Definition
Indirect speech that is delayed in reaching the point but eventually gets from original point to desired goal
Term
Tangentiality
Definition
Inability to have goal-directed associations of thought; speaker never gets from point to desired goal
Term
Verbigeration
Definition
Meaningless repetition of specific words or phrases
Term
Perseveration
Definition
Persisting response to a previous stimulus after a new stimulus has been presented
Term
Echolalia
Definition
Psychopathological repeating of words or phrases of one person by another
Term
Coprolalia
Definition
Compulsive utterance of obscene words
Term
Dysarthria
Definition
Difficulty in articulation, not in word finding or in grammar
Term
Neologism
Definition
New word created by a patient, often by combining syllables of other words, for idiosyncratic psychological reasons.
Term
Dysprosody
Definition
Loss of normal speech melody (called prosody). Should be called aprosody.
Term
Overvalued idea
Definition
Unreasonable, sustained false belief maintained less firmly than a delusion
Term
Delusion
Definition
False belief, based on incorrect interference about external reality, not consistent with patient‘s intelligence and cultural background; cannot be corrected by reasoning.
Term
Delusion of perception (or delusion of reference)
Definition
A person‘s false belief that the behavior of others refers to himself or herself.
Term
Systematized delusion
Definition
False belief or beliefs united by a single event or theme.
Term
Bizarre delusion
Definition
An absurd, totally implausible, strange false belief
Term
Mood congruent delusion
Definition
Delusion with mood-appropriate content
Term
Mood incongruent delusion
Definition
Delusion with content that has no association to mood or is mood neutral
Term
Nihilistic delusion
Definition
False feeling that self, others, or the world is nonexistent or coming to an end
Term
Delusion of poverty
Definition
A person‘s false belief that he or she is bereft or will be deprived of all material possessions.
Term
Somatic delusion
Definition
False belief involving functioning of the body.
Term
Delusion of self-accusation
Definition
False feeling of remorse and guilt.
Term
Delusion of control
Definition
False feeling that a person‘s will, thoughts or feelings are being controlled by external forces
Term
Delusion of thought withdrawal
Definition
Delusion that thoughts are being removed from a person‘s mind by other persons or forces
Term
Delusion of thought insertion
Definition
Delusion that thoughts are being implanted in a person‘s mind by other persons or forces.
Term
Delusion of thought broadcasting
Definition
Delusion that a person‘s thoughts can be heard by others, as though being broadcast over the air
Term
Delusion of thought control
Definition
Delusion that a person‘s thoughts are being controlled by other persons or forces
Term
Delusion of infidelity or delusion of jealousy
Definition
False belief derived from pathological jealousy about a person‘s lover being unfaithful.
Term
Erotomania
Definition
Delusional belief, more common in women than men, that someone is deeply in love with them
Term
Delusion of doubles
Definition
"You look like my mom, but you aren't my mom". More common in kids. Capgras syndrome
Term
Pseudologia phantastica
Definition
A type of lying in which a person appears to believe in the reality of his or her fantasies and acts on them
Term
Hypochondria
Definition
Exaggerated concern about health that is based not on real organic pathology, but rather on unrealistic interpretations of physical signs or sensations as abnormal
Term
Obsession
Definition
Pathological persistence of an irresistible thought or feeling that cannot be eliminated from consciousness by logical effort
Term
Phobia
Definition
Persistent, irrational, exaggerated, and invariably pathological dread of a specific stimulus or situation
Term
Hallucination
Definition
False sensory perception not associated with real external stimuli
Term
Hypnagogic hallucination
Definition
False sensory perception occurring while falling asleep.
Term
Hypnopompic hallucination
Definition
False perception occurring while awakening from sleep
Term
Auditory hallucination
Definition
False perception of sound, usually voices but also other noises, such as music; most common hallucination in psychiatric disorders
Term
Visual hallucination
Definition
False perception involving sight consisting of both formed images and unformed images
Term
Olfactory hallucination
Definition
False perception of smell
Term
Gustatory hallucination
Definition
False perception of taste
Term
Tactile (haptic) hallucination
Definition
False perception of touch or surface sensation, as from an amputated limb
Term
Somatic hallucination
Definition
False sensation of things occurring in or to the body
Term
Lilliputian hallucination
Definition
False perception in which objects are seen as reduced in size
Term
Synesthesia
Definition
Sensation or hallucination caused by another sensation (e.g., an auditory sensation accompanied by or triggering a visual sensation)
Term
Trailing phenomenon
Definition
Perceptual abnormality associated with hallucinogenic drugs in which moving objects are seen as a series of discrete and discontinuous images
Term
Definition
Definition
Misinterpretation of real external sensory stimuli.
Term
Macropsia
Definition
State in which objects seem larger than they are
Term
Micropsia
Definition
State in which objects seem smaller than they are
Term
Depersonalization
Definition
A person‘s subjective sense of being unreal, strange or unfamiliar
Term
Derealization
Definition
A subjective sense that the environment is strange or unreal
Term
Clouding of consciousness
Definition
Incomplete clear-mindedness with disturbances in perception and attitudes
Term
Disorientation
Definition
Disturbance of orientation in time, place or person
Term
Delirium
Definition
Bewildered, restless, confused, disoriented reaction associated with fear and hallucinations
Term
Stupor
Definition
Lack of reaction to, and unawareness of, surroundings
Term
Coma
Definition
Profound unconsciousness
Term
Coma vigil
Definition
Coma in which a patient appears to be awake with eyes open but cannot be aroused
Term
Twilight state
Definition
Disturbed consciousness with hallucinations
Term
Dream state
Definition
Often used as a synonym for complex partial seizure or psychomotor epilepsy
Term
Drowsiness
Definition
A state of impaired awareness associated with a desire or inclination to sleep
Term
Sundowning
Definition
Syndrome in older persons that usually occurs at night and is characterized by drowsiness, confusion, ataxia, and falling as the result of being overly sedated with medications
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