Measure and Describe

Prediction and Control

Explain and Understand 

Reliability

Validity 

Ethical Issues

Without understanding why 

Essence of science (To know)

Requires Causal explanation 

Naturalistic observation

Case study

Correlation, or survey, study

Experiementation 

Freud's method--Patient on couch

Problem of generalization 

examination of a lot of people superficially

Does not mean causation 

Allows causal conclusion

Hypothesis--relates dependent and independent variable

CONTROL--randomization is the best way to equate groups 

Permanent behavior change resulted from practice or experience

 Conditioning is simple learning that doesn't involve necessary congition

Two stimuli with a response

starts with an uncontrollable hard-wired reflex