Term
| Two reasons for use of bandages |
|
Definition
1. wound protection
2. Stabilize/support for limbs and joints |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Primary layer - direct contact with the wound.
2. Secondary layer - padding layer
3. Tertiary layer - Protective / compression layer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| impermeable to some moisture but allows air through |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| allows moisture vapor and air to move through |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| accelerates epithelization 50% than exposed wound |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
thin layer of hydrogel adhered to a fine synthetic fiber mesh
absorbs exudate and keeps wound moist
encourages debridement |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
starch polymers in adhesive matrix with semi-occlusive polyurethane mbacking
for granulating wounds
becomes gel-like after contact with moist surfaces
powders, flakes, beads, and sponges |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
conforms to wound area
casting padding / roll cotton
provides support |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-non-occlusive to allow air to move -
-through bandage-typically made of gauze / elastic tape |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when tertiary layer becomes wet, increasing contamination risk |
|
|
Term
| Standard bandaging procedure |
|
Definition
1. Anchoring stirrups
2. Primary layer
3. Secondary layer
4. Tertiary layer
5. Apply splint / cast
6. Twist stirrups and place them traveling up limbs
7. Apply protect tertiary layer (VetWrap)etc. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Fiberglass
-lightweight
-easy to mold
-very rigid when formed
-set rapidly
Best for fractures distal to elbow/stifle
Immobilization of distal limbs
Protect soft tissue repairs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-temporary bandage used to immobilize fractures distal to elbow / stifle
-large and bulky compression bandage |
|
|
Term
| modified Robert Jones bandage |
|
Definition
may be sent home with owners
soft padded bandage
no rigidity
cast padding (no roll cotton)
typically used to reduce post op swelling
can stay on for longer |
|
|
Term
| chest / abdominal bandages |
|
Definition
1. use rolled towels / lap pads to provide pressure on a bleeding abdominal midline
2. Figure 8 btw forelimbs to prevent slippage
-should not remian in place longer than 4 hours |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-used for immobilization of distal radius and ulna or carpus, metacarpus, phalanges, tibia
-typically placed on caudal aspect of limb |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
prevents weight bearing on a hind limb
used for coxofemoral luxation
produces moderate skin irritation at flank |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
post-op femur fracture repair
prevents weight bearing, joint stiffness, hyperextension
kept at 90 degree angle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
forearm sling
prevents movement / foreswing
post-op scalulohumeral luxation or scapular fracture |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
prevent wt bearing of a forelimb
good for radius / ulna repair |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
prevent excessive movement of hind limbs
post op pelvic fracture repairs |
|
|
Term
| Qualifications for nutritional support |
|
Definition
1. pt loses more than 10% body weight
2. pt is anorexic or decreased appetite.
3. pt loses body condition from vomiting /diarrhea, trauma, wounds
4. patient has increased nutritional needs due to fever, sepsis, sx, organ dysfunction. |
|
|
Term
| Previously healthy dogs can go ________ without nutritional support witohout suffering ill effects |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most cats can only go ________ without nutrional without suffering ill effects |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Route of nutritional support is chosen depending on: |
|
Definition
1. Function of GI tract
2. Disease process
3. Duration of support
4. Equipment / personnel available
5. Cost of method |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Various foods to tempt the patient
Warmed foods
Odorous foods
Mutiple, small meals
Can be in conjunction with other methods |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Stressful
High risk of aspiration of nutriton |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Short term use only
2. High aspiration risk
3. Traumatic / stressful
4. Can be used in neonates without too much stress |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Easy, simple, and inexpensive
Allows for liquid nutritional suport for an extended period of time
Allws the owner to administer support at home
Can be placed without chemical restraint
Can remain in place a week or so
Can start feeding immediately post placement |
|
|
Term
| Contraindications for NG placement |
|
Definition
1. Patients with nasal masses
2. Esophageal disorders like megaesphagus
3. Patients that lack a gag reflex |
|
|
Term
| Size of NG tube used in most cats |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Size of NG tube used in some cats and dogs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What should you do before and after each feeding with an NG tube? |
|
Definition
| Administer 3mL sterile water |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Gastroesophaeal reflux / irritation
2. Cats might regurgitate the tube and chew it
3. Occlusion with some blended foods |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Placed through wall of pharynx and into the esophagus to bypass the oral cavity
Sutured to skin to secure in place |
|
|
Term
| Size of feeding tubes that can be used wiht pharyngostomy tubes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Possible complications with pharyngostomy tubes |
|
Definition
1. esophagitis
2. pharyngitis
3. laryngitis
4. General anesthesia needed to place |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-placed in left lateral esophagus in approximately the first third of the esophagus
-Sutured in place-mark the spot
-Radiograph to check placement
-Sutured in place
-Easier to place than pharyngosotomy tubes |
|
|
Term
| Sizes of catheters to esophagostomy tubes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Gastrotomy tube (Peg tube) |
|
Definition
1. placed through the body wall into the lumen of the stomach
2. Can be large diameter or low profile tubes
3. Tubes have mushrooms to help retain them in the stomach
4. May not always need E-collar |
|
|
Term
| Contraindications with Peg tube |
|
Definition
1. Patients with primary gastric disease
2. Ulcers
3. Neoplasia
4. Patients that are vomiting |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Easy to place
2. Well-tolerated by patient
3. Large bore tube for diet
4. Can feedorally or offer diets with tube placement |
|
|
Term
| Disadvantages of Peg tubes |
|
Definition
NEeds specialized equipment
Cannot feed 24 hours post op
Tube needs to remain in place 7-14 days before removal
Encourages adhesion between stomach and abdominal wall
Need fistula to form |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
bypasses the stomach
liquid diets
anchored to body wall like gastrotomy tube |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. bypasses stomach and duodenum
2. liquid diets only
3. can use IV pump to calibrate and deliver
4. Cannot be sent home
5. Expensive
6. Can cause cramping /diarrhea |
|
|
Term
| Guidelines for Feeding tubes |
|
Definition
1. Clean insertion site at each feeding
2. Discard unused food after 24-48 hours and refrigerate saved portions between feedings
3. Warm before feeding
4. Maintain sterile technique |
|
|
Term
| Dogs should not be fed more than _________ per feeding |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cats should not be fed more than __________ per feeding |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Examples of patients that need parenteral nutrition |
|
Definition
1. severe pancreatitis
2. Inflammatory bowel disease
3. peritonitis
4. post-op intestinal surgeries that need to have the intestines rested
5. pateints that have uncontrolled vomiting |
|
|
Term
| How is TPN usually administered? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Compounded solutions with electrolytes, amino acids, and lipids in a crystalloid solution |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Used for administration of meds, fluids, and blood products |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Electrolytes
2. Lipemia
3. Coagulopathies
4. LIver disease
5. Thrombocytopenia
6. WBC
7. Blood glucose (+/- insulin)
8. Urine glucose |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Sepsis from contaminated solutions
2. Catheter issues
3. Bandage care |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Very expensive
Requires ICU and fluid pump to deliver solutions |
|
|
Term
| Material that is usually used for jugular catheters |
|
Definition
|
|
