Term
|
Definition
pyogenic
catalase neg
hemolysis
M Protein
Ig binding proteins
Streptolysin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Lancerfields serogrouping |
|
Definition
| beta, alpha, and gamma hemolysis |
|
|
Term
| Streptococci cell associated virulence factors |
|
Definition
Capsule
Peptidoglycan
techoic acid
M Protein
Ig binding protein |
|
|
Term
| Streptococci extracellular virulence factors |
|
Definition
DNA ase
Hyaluronidase
C5 peptidase
NADase
toxins: Streptolysin O & S, superantigens |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Streptococcu related genera |
|
Definition
| enterococcus, peptidococcus, abiotrophia, granulicatella |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Beta hemolytic group C strep
mucoid because of hyaluronic acd capsule |
|
|
Term
| S. equi must be distinguished from |
|
Definition
| S. zooepidemicus & S. equisimilis |
|
|
Term
| S. equi cllular virulence |
|
Definition
Hyaluronic acid capsule
M protein
IgG FC binding proetins |
|
|
Term
| s. equi extracellular virulence propertes |
|
Definition
streptokinase
hyaluronidase
Streptolysin S
DNAase
SPEs |
|
|
Term
| Beta strep is susceptible to... |
|
Definition
| more common drugs, don't have to susceptibility testing |
|
|
Term
| S. equi animals of high risk |
|
Definition
| foals 4m-2yrs of age, losing paternal antibodies |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| S. equi clinical signs appear |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| S. equi lymphnode abcessation appears |
|
Definition
| within 2 weeks of initial signs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bastad strangles or purpura hemorrhagica |
|
|
Term
| S. eqi nasal sedding begins how many days after exposure ?(remember this is with or without evidence of nasal discharge) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| S. equi convalescent shedders can shed for |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| S. equi long term shedders can shed for |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| quarentine infected animals and hygeine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| killd & live using M protein, pregnate mares and foals |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| culture, 3 negs at weekly intervals; test GP >30 days after recovery for long term carriers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Large endosporeforming rods
mostly hemolytic
highly fermentaive & proteolytic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
lectinase. alpha- toxin
DNAase |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Soil
intestins of animals |
|
|
Term
| Clostridium neurotoxic diseases |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Blackleg
Gas gangrene
Malignate edema |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| associated with enteric and non-enteric disease of livestock |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
anaeobic
terminal endospore - tennis racquet |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
feces & soil
contaminated wounds |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Only antigenic type for C. tetani |
|
|
Term
| C. tetani neurotoxin causes ascending toxemia by entering though the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| C. tetani causes descending by entering through |
|
Definition
| circulatory system to the CNS |
|
|
Term
| C. tetani most susceptible |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| C. tetani least suceptible |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
antitoxin
antibiotic
clean wound
suportive care |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
vaccinate
prompt wound cleaning |
|
|
Term
| intxication rather than infection is caused by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
double vision
difficulty standing or swallowing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| high protein canned foods |
|
|
Term
| affecte mostly by C. botulism |
|
Definition
mink farms
artic foxes
water fowel |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Mouse neutralization test is the gold standard |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
immunize high risk animals
avoid feedin suspected food types |
|
|
Term
| Common cause of enterocolitis |
|
Definition
| C. perfrngens & C. difficle |
|
|
Term
| rarely sporulates in vitro |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| C. perfringens double zine hemolysis due to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| C. perfrigens major toxins |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pore forming, Made by type C |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| trypsin inactivated, infants more susceptible |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Turned on by trypsin activation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Causes pulpy kidney disease |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| C. perfringens additional toxins |
|
Definition
CPE - only during sporulation
Beta-2 toxin |
|
|
Term
| C. perfringen mouse neutralization test |
|
Definition
| look for toxins in GI content |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hyperimmune syrum if given early |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Not recommended for C. perfringens |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
avoid sudden diet changes
routine immunization |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| C. perfringens, uually in young feed animals |
|
|
Term
| Often confuse with streptococcus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
small gram positive rods
non-sporeforming
catalase positive
wide temperatue growth range
mobile at certain temperatures |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
likes it cold
doesn't like pH below 5.5
motile at <25C |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Cell wall O antigen
Flagellar H antigen |
|
|
Term
| Most frequent and pathogenic |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| occasional - associated with sheep abortions |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| rare, reported CNS in ruminants |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
internalins
listeriolysin
phospholipases
Act A |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
neonates
pregnate females
elevated iron
elderly
stress |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ingestion or occular instillation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
encephalitis
speticemia
abortion
ocular forms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bovine encephalitis listeriosis |
|
Definition
| Bovine CNS disease, head tilt and circling |
|
|
Term
| Bovine encephalitis listeriosis diagnosis |
|
Definition
| migroscopic detection, gram stain |
|
|
Term
| Bovine encephalitis listeriosis treatment |
|
Definition
antibiotic if given early
cotricosteroids to reduce inflammation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Listeria (Bovine encephalitis listeriosis) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Be aware of predisposing factors
pH below 5.5
avoid high levels of exposure |
|
|
Term
| Erysiplothrix rheusiopathiae |
|
Definition
small rods
bottle-brush appearance
grows over a wide temperature range
salt tollerant
H2S positive |
|
|
Term
| Erysiplothrix rheusiopathiae virulent form |
|
Definition
| short rod, smooth colonies |
|
|
Term
| Erysiplothrix rheusiopathiae avirulent form |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Erysiplothrix rheusiopathiae serotyping |
|
Definition
| cel wall antigens, >23 types |
|
|
Term
| Good to know if asking "does the herd next door have the same bug as my herd does?" |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Most frequent
commin in pigs and birds |
|
Definition
| Erysiplothrix rheusiopathiae |
|
|
Term
less common
associated with disease in dogs |
|
Definition
| erysiplothrix tonsillarum |
|
|
Term
| Erysiplothrix rheusiopathiae habitat |
|
Definition
wide spread
tonsils or feces of carriers
fresh or salt water |
|
|
Term
| Erysiplothrix rheusiopathiae virulence factors |
|
Definition
capsule-like antiphagocytic surface material
adhesions
neuraminadase |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| often seen in Erysiplothrix rheusiopathiae |
|
|
Term
| Erysiplothrix rheusiopathiae dseases |
|
Definition
fish handler's disease
abortion
dismond skin
arthritis
|
|
|
Term
| Erysiplothrix rheusiopathiae diagnosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Erysiplothrix rheusiopathiae treatment |
|
Definition
| antibiotics of acute infections |
|
|
Term
| Erysiplothrix rheusiopathiae control |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Erysiplothrix rheusiopathiae vx |
|
Definition
pigs and turkeys
live attenuated + bactrin
|
|
|
Term
| Erysiplothrix rheusiopathiae capsule-like surfce proteins enable it to have what vs Listeria |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
non-acid fast
filamentous rod branching
facultative & anaerobic
dry, off-white "molar tooth-like" colonies
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| not well defined, some adhesions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
chronic, progressive, pyogranuloatous
can lyse bone |
|
|
Term
| common disease in field dogs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "cheese-like" granulomas that have ray like clubs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
long term 3-12 months with penicillin
remove foreign body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
avoid injury
remove foreign bodies |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
tram track branching
coccoid zoospores
aerobic
catalase positive
hemolytic carotenoid pigment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Rain scald
strawberry footrot
reptiles can get it |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
chemotaxis of zoospores
survives in crusts |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| micorscopic - very unique |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
usually resolve on their own
sympamatic antibiotic treatment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
dry shelter
remove ticks
brush removal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
acid fast
obligate aerobe
rods |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fatty acid enriche media required for growth of pathogenic Mycobacterium species,no agar |
|
|
Term
| shortest mycolic acid chain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| longest myclic acid chain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mycobacterium rapid growing is longer/shorter than Mycobacterium slow gowing |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mycobacterium immonumodulating activities |
|
Definition
lipoarabinomannan
lipoarabinogalactan
wax D |
|
|
Term
| Mycobacterium prevents phagocytic killing due to |
|
Definition
trehalose dimycolate
phenoilc glycolipid
sulphate glycolipids |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pigmented in the prsence of light |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pigmented in the absence of light |
|
|
Term
| Mycobacterium rapid growers |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mycobacterium slow growers |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
obligate pathogens
some are water/soil saprophytes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Mycobacterium affectes rodents and some cats |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
M. Bovis
M. Avium
M. tuberculosis
Non-tuberculosis
Leprosy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
slow growing 20-24hrs
indstinguishable from M. tuberculosis
|
|
|
Term
| Mycobacterium bovis compared to M. tuberculosis is |
|
Definition
| less resistant and harder to isolate |
|
|
Term
| Mycobacterium bovis signs |
|
Definition
| not seen until advaced stages (usually seen at slaughter) |
|
|
Term
broadset of all host range
mainly bovine
cervids
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mycobacterium bovis transmission |
|
Definition
| Aerosol & milk, any body site |
|
|
Term
| Mycobacterium bovis first sign |
|
Definition
| enlarged regional lymphnodes |
|
|
Term
| what causes disease in Mycobacterium bovis |
|
Definition
| cell-mediated immunity (Tubercle) |
|
|
Term
| Mycobacterium bovis treatment |
|
Definition
not practicle in animals
in humans use combination, prolonged drug treatment |
|
|
Term
| Mycobacterium bovis control |
|
Definition
no method for elimination
in low incidences: slaughter, plant survalence, traceback
emphasis on erradication |
|
|
Term
| Mycobacterium bovis principle risks |
|
Definition
| shared pastures, endemic in possum, badger, and water buffalo |
|
|
Term
| Mycobacterium bovis vaccine |
|
Definition
no vx in cattle
Vx in humans - live attenuated BCG |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| best bet for vx for Mycobacterium bovis |
|
|
Term
| Tuberculin hypersensitivity skin test first cecked where? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| check tuberculin skin test after 72hrs for? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| skin thickness in Mycobacterium bovis test indicates what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Second test for Mycobacterium bovis gives doses of what? |
|
Definition
| M. Bovis PPD and M. avium PPD |
|
|
Term
| used in zoo and wildlife species for Mycobacterium bovis |
|
Definition
| lymphocyte prliferation assays |
|
|
Term
serology used for elephants to detect
Mycobacterium bovis along with trunk washings |
|
Definition
| Multiantigen print immunoassay (MAPIA) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
4 types of subspeces
Non-tuberculosis
slow-growing
non-chromogen |
|
|
Term
| Mycobacterim avium habitat |
|
Definition
| soil and even found in municiple tap water |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| M. avium subsp paratuberculosis |
|
|
Term
| M. avium subsp paratuberculosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| M. avium subsp paratuberculosis signs |
|
Definition
chronic diarrhea
wasting
thicened ileal mucosa
no fever
lots of granulomatous masses |
|
|
Term
| susceptible to M. avium subsp paratuberculosis |
|
Definition
| young animals right after birth |
|
|
Term
| M. avium subsp paratuberculosis vaccine |
|
Definition
used in situational problmes
can cause reaction
live vaccine |
|
|
Term
| M. avium subsp paratuberculosis transimission |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| M. avium subsp paratuberculosis growth time |
|
Definition
| 10 weeks one of the slowest |
|
|
Term
| postive confirmed for M. avium subsp paratuberculosis by |
|
Definition
| acid-fast stain & PCR for IS900 |
|
|
Term
| M. avium subsp paratuberculosis negative confirmed by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| fecal culture for M. avium subsp paratuberculosis used for |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Johnin hypersensitivity skin test |
|
Definition
| poor test, not used widely |
|
|
Term
| M. avium subsp paratuberculosis serology |
|
Definition
| for confirming diagnosis and monitoring herd |
|
|
Term
| T/F Antimicrobial treatment is recommented for M. avium subsp paratuberculosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| M. avium subsp paratuberculosis control |
|
Definition
focus is on reduction not erradication.
test animals, cull clinical cases quickly, isolate/saughter infected animals |
|
|
Term
Can take up to how many years to achieve a
M. avium subsp paratuberculosis negative herd? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
of order Actinomycetes
pleomorphic rods
usually not acid fast |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
catalase positive
diptheria in humans
lipophilic vs non-lipophilic species |
|
|
Term
| Corynebacterium lipophilic virulence fators |
|
Definition
corynemycolic acids
phospholipase D |
|
|
Term
| Corynebacterium non-lipophilic virulence |
|
Definition
fimbrae
diptheria toxin
urease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| lipophilic Corynebacterium |
|
|
Term
| creamy white or yellow colonies |
|
Definition
| non-lipophilic Corynebacterium |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| skin and mucous membranes, most are not pathogenic |
|
|
Term
| Corynebacterium Pseudotuberculosis |
|
Definition
lipophilic
dry "cheese-like lesions"
antibiotic tx
variant is pidgeion fever in horses |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| urinary tract disease, appears yellow |
|
|
Term
| Contageous bovine pyelonephritis |
|
Definition
C. renale (and others)
disease of adult cows
trauma to bladder
|
|
|
Term
| Contageous bovine pyelonephritis signs |
|
Definition
temp increase
painful urination
decreased milk production
multifocal abcesses in renal cortex, medulla, pelvis
enlarged regional lymphnodes |
|
|
Term
| T/F Lipophilc, unlike non-lipophilic, Corynebacterium is ofter resistant to multiple antibiotics |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
treat and isolate infected animals
cull
immunization |
|
|
Term
| Corynebacterium vaccine includes |
|
Definition
| diptheria toxoid, PLD toxoid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
rods or cocci
wealky acid fast
aerobic
catalase positive
urease & nitrate positive
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| equi factor - enhances emolysis of wealky hemolytic organisms - CAMP-like reaction |
|
|
Term
| Rhodococcus equi presents growth at |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
soil, virulence is maintained mostly in horses
opportunistic |
|
|
Term
| Rhodococcus equi most suceptible |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Rhodococcus equi transmission |
|
Definition
| inhalation, ingestion, across mucus membrane |
|
|
Term
| Is Rhodococcus equi associated with good hygiene practices |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Rhodococcus equi diagnosis |
|
Definition
| difficult to obtain becasue need respiratory sample and anima is often already in respiratory distress |
|
|
Term
| Rhodococcus equi early screening includes checking |
|
Definition
elevated plasma fibrinogen protein in blood
rectal temp 2x day
physical exam 2x wk
CBC for increased WBCs |
|
|
Term
| Rhodococcus equi treatment |
|
Definition
may be prolonged 7 days - >3 wks
expensive
clarithromyci or azithromycin with rifampin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
hyperimmune serum given early
vaccinatio of mares does NOT work
early detection, treatment, and environmental management needed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
fiberous branching
coccoid aerial fragments
partially acid-fast
aerobic
catalase positive
sabouraud-dextrose agar
caretnoid pigment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
mostly unknown
nocardiomycolic acid
facultative intracellular survival |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
oportunistic
pyogranulomatous infections
mastitis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| susceptible to antibiotics but MUST use multiple rug treatment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
difficult
maintain immunocompetency
is sporadic |
|
|
