Term
|
Definition
gram +
aerobe
primarily affects those with a weakened immune system
often caused by contaminated food |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
gram +
aerobe
gold on agar
most virulent
produce penicillinase mediated by plasmids
MRSA: PBP, encoded in chromosome
toxins: Ritter's and scalded skin
deep lesions (abcess), furunculosis, carbuncle, bullous impetigo, paronychia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
gram +
anaerobe
tetanus
neurotoxins cause "rigid" paralysis |
|
|
Term
| Staphylococcus epidermidis |
|
Definition
gram + aerobe
normal skin flora
white on agar
diseases with immunocompromised, violation of natural barriers, and implantation of foreign devices |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
other
anaerobic flagellated protozoa
most common pathogenic protozoan infection
STD of urethra/vagina
pneumonia, bronchitis, oral lesions, predispose to HIV/AIDs, cervical cancer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
gram -
aerobe
rod-shaped
non-motile
encapsulated
normal flora of mouth, skin, intestines
nosocomial infections
generally weakened immunity
pneumonia, UTIs, bacteremia
multiple drug resistance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
gram +
anaerobe
botulism
neurotoxins cause "flaccid" paralysis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
gram -
aerobe
true pathogen
endotoxin producer
capsule
multiple methods of drug resistance
typhoid fever-highly fatal if untreated |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
gram -
aerobe
found most everywhere (skin, soil, water,etc.)
rod-shaped
opportunistic
can be found on medical equipment (ex. catheters)
immunocompromised
infects pulmonary tract, urinary tract, burns, wounds, blood infections
resistant to many antimicrobials |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
other
true pathogen
STD: syphilis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
gram +
aerobe
Group A, beta hemolytic
immunologic sequella
necrotizing fascitis, wound/burn infections, peurperal infection, pharyngitis, impetigo, erysipelas, cellulitis, scarlet fever |
|
|
Term
| Mycobacterium tuberculosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
gram +
anaerobe
exotoxin A causes diarrhea
exotoxin B is cytotoxic
superinfection of intestines, wipes out normal flora
pseudomembranous enterocolitis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
gram -
aerobe
atypical pneumonia: fatal in elderly/immunocompromised
water contamination |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
gram +
aerobe
Group B, beta hemolysis
leading cause of pneumonia, sepsis and meningitis during first 2 months of life
treatment: penicillin and aminoglycoside |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
gram -
aerobe
Enterobacteriaceae
found almost everywhere including intestine
rarely cause illness except UTIs, infant meningitis, sepsis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
gram -
aerobe
Enterobacteriaceae
rod-shaped
motile-flagella
typhoid fever, foodborne illness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
gram -
aerobe
rod-shaped
pneumonia, UTIs, septicemia, ankylosing spondylitis, soft tissue infections |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
gram +
aerobe
no Lancefield classification
alpha hemolysis
many strains very sensitive to penicillin
upper respiratory infections, other
most common cause of bacterial pneumonia and bacterial meningitis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
gram -
aerobe
true pathogen
bubonic plague: fever, chills, bacteremia, sepsis, gangrene |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
gram -
aerobe
Enterobacteriaceae
rapid swarming growth on agar |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
other
obligate parasite
atypical bacterial pneumonia
no cell wall |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
other
part of normal genital flora
no cell wall
non-specific urethritis, infertility, chorioamnionitis, stillbirth, premature birth, in perinatal period: pneumonia, meningitis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
gram +
anaerobe
gas gangrene
exotoxins destroy skin, soft tissue and muscle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
gram -
aerobe
multiple drug resistance
nosocomial pneumonia (ventilator) and bacteremia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
gram +
aerobe
opportunistic
gamma hemolysis
normal GI tract inhabitant
cause UTIs, wound infections, endocarditis
can be very resistant (VRE) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
gram -
aerobe
true pathogen
multiple drug resistant
watery diarrhea, fever, N&V, usually self-limiting, bacteremia occasionally
transmitted fecal/oral, contaminated food |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
gram -
aerobe
indole +
UTIs, urolithiasis, nosocomial infections
flagella-swarming |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
gram -
aerobe
rod-shaped
some red-pigment strains
multiple drug resistant
UTIs, nosocomial pneumonia and bacteremia, infective arthritis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
gram -
aerobe
occurs natually in nasal cavity
COPD, CAP, acute otitis media, sinusitis, urethritis, invasive diseases in immunocompromised |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
gram -
aerobe
blindness in newborns
STD: some people asymptomatic |
|
|
Term
| Pneumocystis jiroveci (carinii) |
|
Definition
other
common in environment
fungus
affects those with weakened immune system
causes pneumonia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
gram -
aerobe
can be harmless normal flora
meningitis, sepsis
vaccine
serotypes A, B, C, Y, and W135 most clinical disease
serotypes B & C about 75% of outbreaks
Waterhouse-Friderickson syndrome: adrenal gland destruction
transmission by droplet nuclei
mortality 100% if untreated |
|
|
Term
| Mycobacterium avium-intracellularae |
|
Definition
other
common in environment
immune compromised |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
other
STD: most frequently reported bacterial STD in U.S.
often no symptoms
intracellular pathogen
can cause reproductive/health problems |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
gram -
aerobe
Enterobacteriaceae
normal intestinal flora
rod-shaped |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
gram +
aerobe
opportunistic
gamma hemolysis
normal GI tract inhabitant
cause UTIs, wound infections, endocarditis
can be multiple drug resistant |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
gram -
anaerobe
most abundant bacteria of lower GI tract
instrumental in development of intraabdominal abcesses |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
other
ulcers and chronic gastritis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
gram -
aerobe
Enterobacteriaceae
rod-shaped
produce red pigment
tend to colonize respiratory and urinary tracts |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
gram -
aerobe
rod-shaped
most opportunistic
bacteremia, pneumonia, meningitis in infants/young children
Hib vaccine |
|
|
Term
| Bacteroides melanogenicus |
|
Definition
gram -
anaerobe
found in oral cavity and upper respiratory tract
dental, sinus, pulmonary infections, abcesses and human bites |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
gram -
aerobe
dysentery, watery diarrhea, fever, N&V
fecal/oral contamination
only small amounts of bacteria to cause disease
enterotoxins (Shiga A and B) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
gram -
aerobe
cholera
drinking water |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
other
obligate intracellular
pneumonia, pharyngitis, bronchitis
often immunocompromised |
|
|
