Term
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Definition
Ex: Gentamycin, Kanamycin Inhibit Bacterial 30S rs, cidal, has post antibiotic effect Arrest translation at initiation phase don't get into CNS Tox: Nephro with diuretics, oto, NMJ Use for aerobic G- w/pen or vanco
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Term
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Definition
Ex: Tetracycline, Doxycycline, minocycline Bacteria 30s rs inhibitor Binds A site blocking tRNA access Broad spectrum: Tox: binds to teeth and bones, delay clotting, maternal hepatotox, photosensitivity
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Term
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Definition
Mech: Binds 50S rs, inhib peptidyl transferase Res due to reduced uptake and binding Tox: reversivle bone marrow suppression, grey baby syndrome
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Term
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Definition
Ex: Erythro-, azithro-, clarithro-, dirithro- mycin Mech: binds 50S rs, blocks formation of initiation complex and inhibits translocase Tox: relatively nontoxic; erythro and clarithro suicidal inactivators of P450 enzymes so many drug interactions
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Term
| Lincosamines (Clindamycin) |
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Definition
Mech: Bact 50S rs inhibitor; inhibits occupation at A site Wide distrib, except CNS Broad spectrum, aerobic G+, anaerobic G+/- Tox: diarrhea that can progress to pseudomembranous colitis (c. diff)
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Term
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Definition
- Mech: Binds to 50S rs, interfers with formation of fMet tRNA ribosome mRNA ternary complex, arrests at initiation
Cidal or static depending on organism Tox: NVD, rev thrombocytopenia, incr hepatic enzymes, Use: multi drug res orgs, pneumonia, bacteremia
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Term
| Streptogramins-Quinupristin/Dalfopristin |
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Definition
Mech: bind to 50S rs, inhib translation by constricting exit channel for newly syn proteins. Inhibits tRNA syn activity Cidal/static depending on organism Tox: well tolerated; NVD, rash, myalgia, arthralgia, pseudomembranous colitis Use: multidrug res G+ (MRSA=cidal, VREF-static)
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