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Definition
| Studies of pigeons and rats |
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Definition
| the study of observable actions-rejection of free will-allows for an interpretation of behavior not and explanation of it's cause |
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Definition
learning takes place because of the effects that follow a response-the observation of the law of effect
2 parts.
1. respond to stimuli stamped with annoyer or satisfyier, rewards strengthen response to stimuli, annoyer inhibits response |
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Term
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Definition
beleived consciousness and introspection should play no role in study of human behavior
-studied habits formed through stimulus-response connections |
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| Skinners philosophy of science: |
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Definition
1. science is cumulative
2. its an attitude that values empherical observation
3. its a search for order and lawful relationships |
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Term
operant conditioning:
aka skinnerian |
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Definition
behavior is emitted-one that simply appears
process of changing behavior in which reinforcement is contingent with occurrence of a particular behavior
3 conditions-
1.antacedent-environemtn experiment takes palce
2.Behavior-activity being shaped
3.Consequence-the reward-candy or praise |
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Term
Classical conditioning:
aka respondant |
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Definition
| behavior is elicited-drawn from with |
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| successive approximation: |
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Definition
| gradual shaping of final complex set of behaviors |
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Definition
| something that produces either a beneficial environmental conditioning or one that removes a detrimental environmental conditioning |
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Definition
| response to similar environment int he ab sense of the previous reinforcer-exp. buying a ticket to a band you dont know because its similar to one you like |
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Definition
removal of an aversive stimulus from a situation increases probability that the precedding behaviors will occur
exp. eating to remove hunger pains |
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Definition
| (secondary) environmental stimuli that are not by nature satisfying by are because of their associated with our primary reinforcers-money |
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Definition
| using reinforcers intermittently to produce responses that are more resistant to extinction-based on time or behavior of organism |
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Term
| 4 types of intermittent schedules: |
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Definition
1. fix-ratio-reinforced according to the # of responses it makes
2.variable ratio-reinforced on the average amount of responses-as to not be predictable-slot machines
3.Fix-interval-reinforced after a set amount of time-promotions-paychecks
4. Variable interval-reinforced after a varied amount of time-least common |
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Definition
concern with causation
not important to skinner |
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| 3 aspects of sciences "attitude": |
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Definition
1.rejects authority
2.demands intellectual honesty
3.suspends judgement |
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Definition
| stimulus paired with a unconditioned response a # of times until it is capable of bringing out a previously unconditioned response(now conditioned) |
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Definition
involved with opearnt conditioning
-rewarding behavior to fit the desired outcome |
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Term
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Definition
reacting to some elements in our environment but not others
-discrimination not an ability we posses but a consequence of our reinforcement history |
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Term
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Definition
1. strengthens behaviors
2. rewards the person |
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Term
| 5 generalized reinforcers: |
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Definition
1.attention
2. approval
3.affection
4.submission of others
5.tokens-money |
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Term
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Definition
| presentation of aversive stimulus-does not strengthen nor weaken behavior because it does not propose an alternative |
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Term
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Definition
| withholding reinforcement of a previously learned response until it no longer exists |
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Definition
| withholding reinforcement of a previously learned response until it no longer exists |
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Definition
| tendency of a previously learned response to become progressively weakened upon non reinforcement |
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Term
| Skinner view of inner state: |
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Definition
1.self awaareness
2.drives-effects of deprivation and satiation
3.emotions-behaviors followed by joy tend to be reinforced
4. purpose and intention |
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Term
| skinner view of people shaped by 3 forces: |
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Definition
1.natural selection
2.cultural practices
3. individuals history of reinforcement |
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