Term
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Definition
From Minnesota
1st flight lessons in 1922
Began barnstorming with friends
1923 – bought a Curtiss Jenny
Joined Army Air Service Reserves
Received intensive flight training
Graduated – commissioned 2nd Lieutenant
Released from active duty immediately after graduation |
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Term
| Charles Lindbergh and Robertson Aircraft Company |
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Definition
Non contract to carry mail
St. Louis to Chicago
Hired pilots
Employed people along the route
Lights, fuel trucks
April 1925 – first airmail run |
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Term
| Charles Lindbergh and Orteig Prize |
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Definition
$25,000
New York to Paris – nonstop in an airplane
Major city to major city
1927-20 attempts-3 made it-1 received the prize
May 20, 1927
started on a rainy morning
Reached Paris after 10pm on May 21
33 hours 29 minutes |
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Term
| Charles Lindbergh and Goodwill Tours |
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Definition
Were to help sell and promote aviation
US 1927 tour map (6-10)
Washington to Mexico
27 hours 15 minutes |
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Term
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Definition
a. Wiley Post
i. Flew around the world in
1. 1931 – 8 days
2. 1933 – 7 days
b. Howard Hughes
i. 1938 – 3 days |
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Term
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Definition
a. Gee-Bee Racer
i. 1932
ii. Won Thompson Trophy
iii. 297 mph
iv. Jimmy Doolittle |
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Term
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Definition
a. De Havilland
b. Piper
c. Stinson
d. Waco |
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Term
| Commercial Aviation and Airliners |
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Definition
a. Airmail Act 1926 and 1930
b. Air Commerce Act
i. Established 1st government civil aviation office
c. Jeppesen
i. Developed detailed charts for airports
d. Airmail Scandal – February 9, 1934
e. Pan American – started service in 1927 between Key West and Havana |
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Term
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Definition
a. Elroy B. Jeppesen
b. Recorded notes about routes in which he flew
i. Let down procedures
ii. Emergency places to land
c. At the request of other pilots
d. Published notes for them to use
e. 1934
f. Company still exists |
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Term
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Definition
a. Largest airship in world
b. Crossed South Atlantic 12 times
c. Crossed North Atlantic 32 times
d. Crash investigation
e. FBI investigation
i. “most probable cause”
ii. Landing ropes brushing transferred static electricity and ignited some hydrogen that escaped from a torn gas bad on the stern |
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Term
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Definition
a. Early Radios
i. 775 of 8000 aircraft in US in 1934 had radios
b. 4-course radios
i. A and N Morse codes
c. Accidents
i. 5 airline accidents from 12/1936 to 1/1937
d. Pacific Radios
i. Amelia Earhart |
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Term
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Definition
a. September 1, 1939
b. Germany invades Poland
c. Blitzkrieg – lightning warfare
i. Using motorized infantry and tanks
ii. With the help of fighters and dive bombers |
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Term
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Definition
a. Fighting slowed due to winter weather
b. Grounded many aircraft |
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Term
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Definition
a. Russia invades Finland
b. November 1935
c. Germany started air raids on England in October |
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Term
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Definition
a. Invasion of Belgium and Holland
b. Bombed Belgium, Holland, and France
1940 |
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Term
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Definition
| a. 1st time Germany faced the New English Spitfires (could almost match ME-109s) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Mediterranean and Northern Africa |
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Term
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Definition
a. After winning France, Germans turned toward Britain
b. Defense – 700 Hurricanes and Spitfires
c. Germans – 1000 fighters, 800 bombers, 300 dive-bombers
d. British held off Germans
i. Lost 900 planes and 400 airmen
ii. Germans lost 1700 planes
e. Invasion called off in October, 1940
f. Still bombed Britain |
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Term
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Definition
a. 1941
b. Permitted US to help supply any nation fighting aggression |
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Term
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Definition
a. December 7, 1941 – Pearl Harbor
b. Honed in on local radio stations (NDBs)
c. Proved could go long distance and bomb efficiently |
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Term
| Civilian Pilot Training Act |
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Definition
a. Provides US civilians with basic pilot training
Civil Air Patrol created in 1941 |
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Term
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Definition
a. Segregated US Army trained black airmen at Tuskegee Army Air Field in Alabama
b. Began with 12 in July, 1941
c. Opened 2nd training facility in Walterboro, SC |
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Term
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Definition
a. Trained separately
b. Flew in female regiments
c. Flew in combat 1942-1945 |
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Term
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Definition
a. Female pilots flew military missions
b. No combat
c. Ferried planes, cargo, etc |
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Term
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Definition
a. No single inventor
b. Sikorsky
i. Built 2 before left Russia
ii. Went to US
iii. Experimented with the VS-300 prototype
iv. Septermber 1939 – made first “hop”
v. Merged with United Aircraft Corporation
vi. Built over 100 during WWII |
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Term
| The Jet Engine - inventors |
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Definition
i. Hans von Ohaim – German
ii. Frank Whittle – English |
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Term
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Definition
i. 1930s
ii. Demonstrated operating jet in 1939 |
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Term
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Definition
i. Built flight worthy engine
ii. Flown in 1939 |
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Term
| Jet Engine technology transfer |
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Definition
i. Under attack from Germany
ii. British gave technology to US (Brits had no facilities for development)
iii. General Electric Company |
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Term
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Definition
i. Built 3 reliable jet aircraft during war
ii. None were operational |
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Term
|
Definition
a. Germans developed, produced, and deployed
b. V-1 jet-powered flying bomb (cruise missile)
c. V-2 rocket powered |
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Term
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Definition
a. Radio Direction and Ranging
b. British placed into operation in 1939 |
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Term
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Definition
a. Europe: France, Great Britain, Russia, Italy
b. North Africa |
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Term
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Definition
a. Built by North Americans
b. 1942 – British had more than 200 in service |
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Term
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Definition
a. Largest single-seat airplane in WWII
b. “The Jug” |
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Term
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Definition
a. June 6, 1944
b. Normandy, France
c. 100,000 men
d. 4,000 ships
e. 2,000 fighters
f. 1,000 bombers
g. Gliders |
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Term
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Definition
i. 12/7/1941
ii. Japanese surprise attack in Hawaii
b. Now fighting 2 fronts and vulnerable by air |
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Term
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Definition
i. Led squadron of raiders against Tokyo
ii. April, 1942
iii. Proved Japanese homeland was vulnerable |
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Term
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Definition
i. Kamikaze
ii. Declining Air Force and resources
iii. Suicide missions |
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Term
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Definition
i. B-29
ii. Hiroshima – August 6, 1945
iii. Nagasaki – August 9, 1945
iv. Japan surrendered unconditionally
1. September 2, 2945
2. Signed papers in USS Missouri |
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Term
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Definition
a. ICAO
b. IATA – International Air Transport Association
c. Bermuda Agreement
i. When can fly, prices, rates, frequency of service in airlines
ii. Britain and US |
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Term
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Definition
1.
a. 535 airports, built for war
b. Civil Aeronautics Administration staffed over 100 airport control towers and 20 airway traffic control centers
c. Aviation was #1 industry in US during WWII – dropped to 12th in 1948
d. CAA decentralized
e. Phonetic Alphabet |
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Term
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Definition
a. After WWII – substantial increase in passenger growth
b. US leading way in international travel
c. Big 5: America, Eastern, Pan Am, TWA, and United
d. Grandfather rights
i. Same routs as 1938
e. Refer to fleet in
i. 1946 – reciprocating engines
ii. 1950 – jet engine introduced
iii. 1955 – jet engine taken over |
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Term
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Definition
a. Competed for speed and service
i. Accidents slowed some carriers
ii. In US New schedules airlines arose – “nonscheds”
iii. Feeders developed
b. Competition for international routes |
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Term
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Definition
a. LORAN
b. VOR
c. DME
d. Developed in this time |
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Term
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Definition
a. De Havilland Comet
b. Prototype produced in 1949
i. 1st jetliner in 1952
ii. Crashes Pg 8-23
iii. Grandfather of accident investigation
iv. Metal fatigue in windows |
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Term
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Definition
a. Air France
b. Government owned 70% |
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Term
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Definition
| Aeroflot – placed 2nd jetliner into service in 1956 |
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Term
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Definition
a. US and Soviet Union
b. Berlin Airlift – June 1948-September, 1949
c. Operation Vittles
d. To West Berlin
e. Flew 279,000 missions
f. Carried 2 million tons of cargo
i. Found aviation can be used to carry cargo |
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Term
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Definition
a. 500 tons a day
b. 300 US, 100 UK airplanes |
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Term
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Definition
a. 1950-1953
b. North Communist
c. South – anti-communist
d. War ended in draw
e. Transition to jet engine
f. DMZ
i. Still fly to this day |
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Term
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Definition
a. WWII ended – Japanese troops in North surrendered to Chinese
b. And to the British in the south |
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Term
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Definition
a. National Aeronautics and Space Act
b. Passed in 1958 |
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Term
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Definition
a. Soviets and US
b. Launched 1606 earth satellites during 1957-1974 |
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Term
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Definition
a. Pioneer – 1958 and 1960 – failed
b. Viking I and II – reached Mars in 1976
c. Voyager I and II – flew by Jupiter and Saturn |
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Term
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Definition
a. Sputnik – 10 satellites were launched
b. Mars 3
i. Landed on Red Planet December 2, 1971 |
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Term
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Definition
a. Sputnik – 10 satellites were launched
b. Mars 3
i. Landed on Red Planet December 2, 1971 |
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Term
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Definition
i. NASA’s first manned space flight
ii. John Glenn
1. 1st American to orbit the earth in 1962 |
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Term
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Definition
i. Moon landings
ii. July 20, 1969
iii. Neil Armstrong – 1st steps on the moon
iv. 17 missions
v. 11-17 reached the moon
vi. 12 Americans stepped on moon |
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Term
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Definition
i. May 14, 1973
ii. 1st space station |
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Term
|
Definition
i. Reusable space truck
ii. April 12, 1981
iii. Columbia – 1st launch
iv. Challenger
1. 1/28/86
2. O-rings too cold |
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Term
|
Definition
a. Mir
b. Soviet Space Station
c. Launched 1986 |
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Term
| US Aircraft manufacturesr |
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Definition
a. Boeing
i. 707 – 1958
ii. 747 - 1969
b. McDonnell Douglas
i. MD-11
c. Convair
d. Lockheed
i. L-1011 |
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Term
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Definition
a. Manufacturers
i. Sud – Est – French
ii. Soviet Union – Tupolev
iii. Britain – Comet
iv. Airbus – French, German, Great Britain
b. Concorde
i. British-French
ii. Built in 1968
iii. 1st scheduled flight in 1977 |
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Term
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Definition
a. 1978
i. Deregulation
ii. “competition” |
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Term
| Private and general aviation |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
a. Piccard and Jones
b. Breitling Orbiter 3
c. Balloon World Flight
d. March 1-20, 1999 |
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Term
| General Aviaiton in 1990s |
|
Definition
a. Dead in 1994
b. Build new aircraft
c. Use new advances with the aircraft |
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Term
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Definition
i. Prevent detection
ii. Reflect radar
iii. Bounce signals inward
iv. Radar-absorbing material |
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Term
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Definition
b. Cruise missiles
i. Surface and air launched became very accurate
c. Smart bombs
d. War heads deliver via precision guidance systems
e. UAVs
f. Drone Aircraft
g. Cold War ended in the 1990s and military focused on the “unknown” enemy |
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Term
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Definition
i. 1990s – about 100 satellites a year launched
ii. Satellites were the main commercial payloads |
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Term
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Definition
i. China Great Wall Industrial Corporation sold launches
ii. 1st US made satellite in 1990 |
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Term
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Definition
i. Launched in 1986
ii. Brought down in 1999 |
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Term
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Definition
|
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Term
| space exploration - probes and telescopes |
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Definition
i. Telescopes and probes relay information about places explorers have yet to venture
ii. Hubble Space Telescope
1. Placed in orbit in 1990
iii. Probes
1. Magellan
a. Reached Venus in 1990
b. Jupiter in 1995
2. Mars Pathfinder
a. Landed on Mars in 1997
3. Cassini
a. Launched 1997 en route to Saturn |
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Term
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Definition
i. February 1, 2003
ii. Insulating foam hitting and putting a hole in the Shuttle’s wing |
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Term
|
Definition
i. X Prize
1. $10 million
2. 1st to make two successfully flights to 100km with a two-week period
ii. Burt Rutan (10-58) |
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