Details Title: Audio Engineering-Digital Description: Some Digital Junk! Total Flash Cards: 32 Created: 12/10/2008 19:35:36		New Users: To study from this flashcard set, or to create your own your own study flash cards, REGISTER HERE. Existing Users: CLICK HERE. Additional Engineering Flashcards
Cards in this set: Term What does sample rate measure? Definition Frequency and Amplitude (voltage) Term What are 6 primary sample rates? Definition (32) 44.1kHz, 48kHz, 88.2kHz, 96kHz, 176.4kHz, 192kHz Term Sample period is _______ of sample rate Definition inverse Term 16-bits=_____ bytes Definition 1 Term Sample rate captures the _______ of a wavelength. Definition Voltage Term When is dither applied in signal flow? Definition After preamp, before anti-aliasing filter Term What is the Nyquist Theorem? Definition Samples must be taken at least twice per analog frequency in order to obtain an accurate representation Term The difference between sample rate measurement and actual sample voltage creates: Definition Alias Frequencies Term How do you eliminate alias frequencies? Definition Brick wall filter/Anti-aliasing filter Term Why is 44.1kHz used instead of 40kH? Definition To make room for anti-aliasing filter Term What is serial data? Definition 0's and 1's, right after one another Term What does a multiplexor do? Definition Splits data (binary words) into parts for faster movement Term What is a parity bit? Definition Bit 17 of a 16-bit word. It counts word length and determines if it is a 0 or 1 (even or odd) Term What are error correction bits? Definition Bits 18 and 19 of a 16-bit word Term What do CRCC do? What does it stand for? Definition Cyclic Redundancy Check Codes fix errors Term What are 4 components making up standard CD parameters? Definition AIFF filtype 16-bit bit-depth 44.1kHz sample rate Stereo Interleaved file format Term What are the letters to help remember the recording chain? Definition SPA SAM ERD Term What do the letters in the recording chain stand for? (SPA SAM ERD) Definition Signal Source Preamp Anti-Alias File Sample/Hold Circuit ADC Multiplexor Error Correction Record Modulation Digital Out Term What does PCM stand for? Definition Pulse Code Modulation Term What is PCM? Definition Square graph representing bit-depth by reading binary word lengths Term What was the first digital tape machine? Definition Sony F 1610 Term On a CD, what do the dimples represent? Definition Binary 1's Term What is the main advantage of using PCM vs. Analog Headstacks? Definition No crosstalk with PCM Term What are the letters to help you remember reproduction? Definition REM ASA LA Term What do the letters stand for in reproduction? (REM ASA LA) Definition Record Modulation Error Correction Multiplexor ADC Sample/Hold Circuit Anti-Alias Filter Line Amp Analog Signal Term What does LSB stand for? What is it? Definition Least significant bit. Lowest bit-depth number of a signal Term What is a quantization error? Definition The difference between actual voltage and where it registers Term What does quantization error cause? (2) Definition Dynamic range reduction by 6dB Snaps and Pops Term How do you fix quantization error? Definition Applying dither Term Is dither white noise? Definition NO, the end result generates white noise Term What is dither? Definition Signal that is added to LSB. It randomizes/decorrelates quantization error around LSB (causes 3dB increase in noice floor) Term What does applying dither result in? Definition -3dB increase of noise floor -Can still hear analog signal