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electrons in the outermost energy level
used in forming ions and chemical bonds |
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| a representation of an object or idea |
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| atom with an imbalance of protons and electrons |
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| unit for measuring the mass of atoms and atomic particles |
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| region outside the nucleus where electrons are likely to be found |
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| basic particle from which all matter is made |
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| negative particle of an atom |
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| center of an atom where protons and neutrons are found |
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| positive particle found in the nucleus of an atom |
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regions in the electron cloud that correspond to an electron's energy
correlates to period number |
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| neutral particle in the nucleus of an atom |
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how many protons an element has
how the periodic table is arranged |
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| atoms of an element with different numbers of neutrons |
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| sum of protons and neutrons |
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| average mass of all the isotopes of an element |
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| arrangement of elements showing the repeating pattern of their properties |
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| one or two letter way of writing an element's name |
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horizontal rows on the periodic table
directly responds to how many energy levels an element has |
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also known as family
column on the periodic family
can tell you how many valence electrons the element has |
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| good conductors, shiny, malleable, ductile, tend to lose electrons, to the left of the zig zag line |
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| able to be pounded into sheets and reshaped |
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| able to be pulled into wires |
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| the ease and speed with which an element combines or reacts |
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| deterioration of a metal due to a chemical reaction in the environment |
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elements in group 1
1 valence electron
most reactive metals
never found alone in nature |
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elements in group 2
2 valence electrons
very reactive metals
never found alone in nature |
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elements with properties opposite of metals
poor conductors, dull, nonmalleable, nonductile, tend to grainelectrons, to the right of the zig zag line |
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| two atoms of the same kind that bond together to have a full set of valence electrons |
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group 17
most reactive nonmetals
never found alone in nature |
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group 18
full set of valence electrons
nonreactive |
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have properties of metals and nonmetals
sometimes called semiconductors
on the zig zag line |
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metalloids
conduct electricity under some conditions |
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