Bloodbourne Pathogens

Pathogenic Microorganisms that  can potentially cause disease

Transmitted by: semen, vaginal secretions, cerebrospinal fluid, synovial fluid, other blood-contaminated fluid 

Transmitted Diseases

• HIV
• HEP B (stronger and more durable)
• HEB A
• HEP C
• HEP D
• Syphilis 

HEP B Virus (HBV)

Swelling, soreness, and loss of function in the liver

Signs: Flu-like symptoms, weakness, fatigue, nausea, abdominal pain, headache, fever, possible jaundice, infected person may test positive 2-6wks of transmission, recovery within 6-8wks, prevention by 3 vaccines, free vaccinations according to OSHA for ppl who are exposed to blood 

HIV (Human Immunodifficiency Virus)

• Caused by family of complex viruses that invade healthy cells (T cells)
• approximately 40 million cases estimated by 200
• Symptoms: fatigue, weight loss, muscle and joint pain, painful or swollen glands, night sweats/ fever

AIDS (Acquired Immunodificiency Syndrome)

• Generally die after 2 years of acquiring
• No vaccine
• Prevention through education 

What is the ratio of player to player transmission of Bloodbourne Pathogens?

1 to 1,000

Highest risk sports include: Boxing, Tae kwon do, Wrestling, and Rugby

Cleaning Staph Infections

• Anti-bacterial Soap and Water
• Saline
• Special Cleaners
• Clean surrounding tissue 

Wound Dressing

Gauze

Band- aids

Must be Functional

Glove Removal

• Avoid touching persoanl items
• Remove 1st glove & turn inside out starting at wrist
• Remove 2nd glove & make sure not to touch ungloved hands
• Discard discolored, torn, or punctured gloves
• Wash hands immediately 

What do you do you are exposed the Bloodbourne Pathogens?

• Report the incident
• ID the source
• A blood test
• Counseling
• Watch the law from state to state
• Red Bag everything 

Goals of Rehabilitation Program

• Providing correct immediate first aid & management following injury to limit or control swelling
• Reduce Pain
• Restore Full ROM
• Restore muscular strength, endurance, and Power 
• Reestablish neiromuscular control
• Improve balance
• Maintain Cardiorespiratory fitness
• Incorporate appropriate functional progressions
• Regain pre-injury status

Common Modalities

• Cryotherapy: ice bag, ice massage, cold whirlpool, ice buckets
• Thermotherapy: heat pack, warm whirlpool, ultrasound, contrast bath, paraffin bath, fluidotherapy
• Other: E-Stim, Traction, Massage, Lasers, Magnets, intermittent compression 

Isometric Exercise

• Help in decreasing the amount of atrophy (wasting away) in an area
• will increase static strength
• decreased swelling
• when uscle doesn't change length

Progressive Resistance Exercise (PREs)

• most commonly used rehab in exercise
• can use free weigths, exercise machines, thera-band tubing
• will use both eccentric and concentric contractions 

Isokinetic Exercise

• Use during later stages of rehab
• fixed speed with accomodating resistance to provide max resistance
• commonly used for return to play criteria