Term
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Definition
frontal
parietal
temporal
occipital |
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Term
immovable sutures where cranial bones unite |
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Definition
coronal-from ear to ear- frontal and parietal
sagittal-separates head lengthwise between two parietal bones
lambdoid-separates parietal bones crosswise |
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Term
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Definition
note:
nasal bone
zygomatic bone
maxilla |
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Term
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Definition
| anterior and posterior fontanels allow brain growth for first year |
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Term
childhood condsiderations |
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Definition
head size greater than chest circumference at birth
head reaches 90% of adult size around 6 years |
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Term
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Definition
facial nerve VII
Trigeminal nerve V
3 pair of salivary glands:
-parotid
-sublingual
-submandibular
always look for symmetry |
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Term
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Definition
vessels-carotid artery, internal and external jugulars
muscles- sternomastoid, trapezius, omohyoid
bones- isthmus of thymus at 2nd and 3rd tracheal rings
-cricoid about isthmus
-thyroid cartilage "adams apple" above cricoid
-hyoid-highest bony structure |
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Term
functions of the lymph system |
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Definition
detect and eliminate foreign substances
vessels allow flow of lymph from tissue to circulation
nodes filter lymph;engulf pathogens
head and neck contain greatest supply of lymph nodes |
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Term
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Definition
preauricular-front of ear
posterior auricular- superficial to mastoid process
occipital-base of skull
submental-midline behind the tip of the mandable
submandibular-halfway between the angle and tip of madible
jugulodigastric-under angle of mandible
superficial cervical-overlying the sternomastoid muscle
deep cervical-deep under the sternomastoid muscle
posterior cervical-in posterior triangle along edge of trapezius
supraclavicular- above and behind clavical |
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Term
Health history
subjective data |
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Definition
headache
head injury
dizziness
neck pain or limitation of motion
lumps or swelling
history of head or neck surgery
children: maternal alcohol/drug use
type of delivery
growth pattern
aging: dizziness
neck pain |
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Term
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Definition
Inspect and palpate:
skull
-general size and contour
-note deformities, lumps, tenderness
-paplpate temporal artery, TMJ
inspect face
-expression
-symmetry of movement (CN VII)
-any involuntary movements, edema, lesions
inspect and palpate Neck
-active ROM
-enlargement of salivary glands, lymph nodes, thyroid gland
-trachea position |
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Term
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Definition
-tension headaches- occipital, frontal, or with bandlike tightness, usually viselike, anxiety and stress are associated
-migraines-(vascular) tend to be supraorbital, retro-orbital, or frontotemporal. pain is throbbing and severe, about 2 per month 1-3 days. alcohol, letdown after stress, menstration, and eating chocolate or cheese precipitate, nausea, vomiting, and visual disturbances.
-cluster headaches- (vascular) produce pain around the eye, temple, forehead, cheek. pain is usually unilateral, usually excruciating, 1-2 per day .5-2 hours for 1-2 months, alcohol and daytime napping usually precipitate. eye reddending and tearing, eyelid drooping, rhinorrhea, and nasal congestion |
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Term
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Definition
location
size
shape
delimitation (discrete or matted together)
mobility
consistency
tenderness
healthy nodes are movable, discrete, soft, and nontender <1cm |
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Term
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Definition
enlarged nodes > 1cm
-infection- bilateral, enlarged, warm, tender, freely movable, may be firm
-allergy
-neoplasm- hard, nontender, unilateral, fixed
hodgkins lymphoma-painless, rubbery, discrete nodes that usually appear gradually |
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Term
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Definition
normal adult is not palpable
may feel isthmus in long, thin neck
if lobes palpable, note:
-enlargement
-consistency
-symmetry
-presence of nodules
abnormal findings
-tender, easily palpated before swallowing, lumps/nodules |
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Term
other head and neck findings |
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Definition
pregnant female
-thyroid may be palpable
aging
-senile tremors-head nodding and tongue protrusion are benign
-lower face may look unusually small due to tooth loss
-may experience dizziness with lateral movements of neck
-neck may show increased concave curve |
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Term
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Definition
-pushed to the unaffected side-aortic aneurysm, tumor, unilateral thyroid lobe enlargement, and pneumothorax
-pulled toward affected side-large atelectasis, pleural adhesions, or fibrosis
-trachial tug-rhythmic downward pull that is synchronous with systole and that occurs with aortic arch aneurysm |
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Term
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Definition
| edematous swelling and ecchymosis of the presendting part of the head cause by birth trauma |
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Term
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Definition
| subperiosteal hemorrhage, which is also a result of birth trauma. soft, fluctuant, and well defined over one cranial bone because the periosteum holds the bleeding in place |
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Term
abnormal findings in head size/contour |
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Definition
hydrocephalus
pagets disease of bone-osteitis deformans
acromegaly |
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Term
abnormal findings head/neck |
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Definition
torticollis-wryneck
thyroid-multiple nodules
thyroid-single nodule
pilar cyst-wen
parotid gland enlargement |
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