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the one who illuminates the heavens
In Shintō, the Sun Goddess, or kami of the sun. Can be the actual sun itself in some belief systems. The celestial kami designated to rule over this world, a charge she handed down to her descendants, the imperial family of Japan. |
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combination of Amitābha & Amitāyus— Buddhas of infinite light and infinite life, respectively
central Buddha around whom Pure Land praxis focuses. Usually considered a celestial buddha-embodiment. |
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(1622-93) Rinzai Zen monk famous for teaching “the Unborn” Natural awareness w/o effort
Accessible to anyone because everyone has/is
buddha-nature or “buddha-mind” Therefore, preached to ordinary lay people, men and
women about simplicity of Zen |
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| Indian Buddhist monk who went to China (6th Century CE) founder of Zen Buddhism |
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| The Mahāyāna Buddhist idea that within all of us is an innate core of enlightenment that must only be realized for us to become buddhas (enlightened ones). That is, enlightenment must be discovered and manifested, not developed or achieved. |
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| Celestial embodiment of Buddha |
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"Heavenly" - Amida, Kannon, Jizoo
Embodiment of buddhahood (enlightenment) in a personal, but blissful, form existing in a heavenly “buddha-land” or “pure land.” Can be either a “buddha” or “bodhisattva” (“about-to-become buddha”) |
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| Cosmic embodiment of Buddha |
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"so-called" - dharma-embodiment, reality embodiment
Embodiment of buddhahood as the cosmos (all of reality) itself. Hence, the cosmic embodiment is the cosmos-as-buddha or buddha-as-cosmos. |
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cosmos-as-buddha or the buddha-as-the- cosmos
Not creator of universe, but universe itself |
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literally “Dharma of the Endtime”
Derives from idea that over time, the Buddha’s teachings would gradually become misunderstood and hard to practice. |
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(1200-53) Founder of Japanese Sōtō Zen
Emphasis on “just sitting” in zazen
Zazen is not practice to become enlightened
Practicing zazen is being enlightened
wrote Shōbōgenzō [Repository of the Eye for the Truth] |
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Tradition of Mahāyāna Buddhism that emphasizes ritual as means of engaging reality and knowing it intimately, rather than studying reality and knowing it in a detached, intellectual way. One knows reality as holographic part (individual person) of cosmic whole (cosmic embodiment of buddha).
refers to reality;
Aims for knowledge that is direct engagement with reality through one’s body, speech, and mind; based on idea that cosmos is a buddha who expresses the truth to itself |
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emphasizes intellectual studying of texts and doctrines as means to understanding.
confers with reality
aims for detached, intellectual knowledge; based on Buddhist teachings as adapted to audience and situation |
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| Entrusting faith (shinjin) |
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| complete reliance on the power of Amida’s Vow to bring one to rebirth in the Pure Land. When full entrusting faith is attained without any residue of ego, the Pure Land is attained and enlightenment is guaranteed. |
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| Historical embodiment of Buddha |
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| Siddhartha Gautama. The embodiment of buddhahood (enlightenment) in a physical body living in this world. |
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| (1133-1212) Pure Land becomes independent sect: Jōdoshū-- “Pure Land Sect”) |
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Japanese Shintō term for thing, person, or heavenly deity with awe-inspiring spiritual power.
not necessarily beneficial to humans, no intention to be good or evil; they just manifest their power. |
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A rationally irresolvable phrase or story given to a Zen student as an object for meditation in hopes of triggering realization or enlightenment.
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Founder of Japanese Shingon Buddhism (774- 835)
Frustrated w/ academic training, retreating into mountains & caves to practice meditation and rituals
Went to China to study esoteric Buddhism and brought it back to Japan as ordained Shingon Buddhist master |
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genuineness/directness
Japanese word for being natural and true to one’s innate character. In Native Studies came to be associated with Japanese character before influence from abroad. |
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spiritual, ritual symbol in Buddhism
circle representing the universe
Mind |
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Speech
vibration, resonance, voiced formulaic phrases |
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Body
patterns of change
ritualistic gesture (generally with hands, fingers) |
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Rinzai monk: established the system of Rinzai Zen temples as centers for both learning and Zen praxis (both zazen and kōans)
Stressed leaving behind distinctions of pure/defiled; enlightened/deluded Just naturally (jinen; Ch: ziran) let your “original nature” be manifest
Original nature is available in each and every daily experience
But ordinary objects, thoughts, desires so preoccupy us we do not see what is behind them |
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| “the study of our country” |
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Literally, “holding in mind the Buddha”
As understood in Japanese Pure Land Buddhsim, the practice of calling on Amida, both verbally (Namu Amida Butsu— “I take refuge in Amida Buddha”) and with mental focus. |
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| The sensory process by which we know the location and motion of our own bodies. |
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A heavenly abode created by and occupied by a celestial embodiment of the Buddha. Usually results from the compassion generated from the bodhisattva vow of a particularly spiritually powerful buddha or bodhisattva.
a place into which believers can be reborn Free of negative karmic effects, one can practice Buddhist
Path in presence of Amida until point of enlightenment At that point, person is reborn into this world as bodhisattva
to help others |
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Way of the Kami
A native Japanese religious tradition based originally on ancient animism and myths of creation |
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| In 604 CE, He wrote 17-article Constitution. Established firm diplomatic relations with China. Favored Buddhism as state religion over Confucianism/Shinto. |
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| (meditation, ascetic discipline, reading scriptures, chanting, etc.) |
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relying or trusting in Amida Buddha to help you
for it to work: one must recognize one’s own inadequacies (one’s karma-derived afflictions that obstruct one’s abilities to practice on one’s own) and completely give up sense of being able to help oneself. |
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