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| French born American consul who resigned to become an advisor tot he Japanese foreign office for the Meiji oligarchs on foreign and domestic problems. |
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Signed between Japan and Korea in 1876 which provided that:
1. Korea as an independent country
2. Opening of three ports to trade
3. Japanese right to survey Korean waters
4. Extraterritorially for Japanese in korea.
This treaty caused problems inside Korea. Some people wanted to be isolated and some wanted to modernize. |
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Signed between Japan and China in 1895
1. Recognize Korea as an independent country
2. Cede to Japan the island of Taiwan, the nearby Pescadores islands, and the liaodong peninsula
3. 200 million taels in indemnity payable in sterling, or some 37 million pounds.
4. Most favored nation treatment for Japan
5. Right of Japanese manufacturers in China
6. Extraterritoriality for Japanese in China |
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August 1894-April 1895
Yamagata Aritomo was commanding General during the war.
There were many resources in Korea that would help Japan strive for modernity. Expansion would pay for itself. It was profitable. Of course that is not imperialism! They were doing what every modern power was doing. It wasn’t imperialism, it was spreading civilization!
Causes of Expansion
1. politics and strategic interests
2. modernity and imperialism
3. nationalism |
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| Civilization and enlightenment. Basically picking up western ideas and ways of life. |
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| Leading Japanese thinking and educator. Founded the Keio University whose ideas about government and social institutions made a lasting impression on a rapidly changing Japan during the Meiji Era. He is regarded as one of the founders of modern Japan. |
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| Founder of Mitsubishi, the second largest of zaibatsu. Japanese term referring to industrial and financial business conglomerates in the Empire of Japan, whose influence and size allowed for control over significant parts of the Japanese economy from the Meiji periods until the end of the Pacific War. |
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| Meiji oligarch in charge of the great financial retrenchment program of the early 1880s. |
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| political merchants, entrepreneurs who gained control of man of the pilot plants by virtue of their close relationship with the government, thus leading to the formation of the zaibatsu. |
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| financial cliques/combines such as Mitsui, Mitubishi, Sumitomo and Yasuda. |
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| Rich country, strong army. was Japan's national slogan during the Meiji Era, replacing sonnō jōi . |
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| Led by Iwakura Tomomi, a court noble. This Japanese delegation of 48, including Okubo, left Japan in 1871 to tour Europe and the U.S. for 2 years, learning everything that has to e learnt. |
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| Properly the Imperial Japanese Constitution, it was a "gift" of the emperor to his subjects. Promulgated in 1889, its basic premise was the inviolable sovereignty of the emperor. With the cabinet, the army and the navy directly responsible tot he emperor, and him alone, the power of the parliament was thus severely restricted. |
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| One of the original Meiji oligarchs who broke with others over the abolition of samurai. Lead the satsuma rebellion. |
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| the soul of the japanese nation |
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| Chief advisor to the Shogun. Abe Masahiro and Hotta Masayoshi were advisors at the time that Perry came to Japan. They decided, let’s refer to problem to the other daimyos in the realm. They wanted one answer, but instead they got all sorts of ideas. The main idea was that the Tokugawas were idiots and obviously incapable. Basically, their plan backfired. |
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| Tozama daimyo leading the anti-Bakufu movement. |
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| Merchant from New York who served as the first American consul to Japan. Negotiated for more trading rights. This resulted in the Treaty of Amity and Commerce in 1857. It also had a most favored nation clause for America. |
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| Successor to Abe as chief advisor. Decided, let’s refer to problem to the other daimyos in the realm. Wanted one answer, but instead they got all sorts of ideas. The main idea was that the Tokugawas were idiots and obviously incapable. Basically, their plan backfired. |
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| The Tairo (chief advisor to the shogun) appointed in 1858 who forced through the ratification of the treaty with the US. Was assassinated in 1860. |
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| Treaty signed between Perry and the Shogun in 1854 opening to Americans 2 ports: Shimoda and Hakodate. Followed by the US-Japan amity and commerce treaty of 1857. |
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| Internal problems and external threats. |
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