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1st Asian American elected into the House of Representatives from Hawaii in 1957- Sikh |
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2nd Asian American elected into the House of Representatives in 1974, later served as Secretary of Transportation in the Bush administration. He was also the driving force behind the Civil Liberties Act of 1988.
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3rd to be elected into the house of Representatives in 1978. During the Clinton Administration he passed the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).
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was elected as Secretary of State of California in 1974, becoming the 1stAsian Americanwoman officially elected to astate constitutional office in the United States
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1st woman elected into the House of Representatives from Hawaii in 1972 and Lieutenant governor of Hawaii in 1978.
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Filipino American activist, politician, historian, public speaker, cultural worker, Alaska House of Rep 1974-1982, author of Filipinos in Alaska |
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US federal law that granted reparations to Japanese Americans who had been interned during WWII |
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National Committee for Redress |
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Formed within JACL under Clifford Uyeda. JACL initially called for $25,000 for each person who was interned, then asked for clarification if the U.S. did go against laws and for an apology. - founded in 1929 to address issues of discrimination targeted specifically at persons of Japanese ancestry residing in the United States.
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a San Francisco pediatrician and activist who helped lead the fight for reparations for Japanese Americans interned during WWII, JACL president from 1978-1980 |
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Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians |
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appointed by Congress to conduct an investigation of the internment of Japanese Americans in WWII, found that the internment was motivated by racial prejudice, wartime hysteria and failure of leadership. |
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Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution |
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happen in China1966-1967, grassroots politics to push for Communism, a massive purge to attack old culture & old ideas and prosecute Chinese socialists & capitalists
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people in power during the Cultural Revolution, held up Mao’s books like it was their Bible. The red guards’ empowerment inspired many Asian American students into protesting U.S. government |
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enacted in 1945 to allow spouses and adopted children of United States military personnel to enter the U.S. after WW II. War Brides were often viewed as prostitutes. |
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U.S Special Agent on immigration/Hawaii’s Minister–made immigration treaty with Japan |
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where Japan negotiated with the U.S to send contracted laborers (Japanese) to plantations in Hawaii |
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Japanese foreign minister after Meiji Restoration, worked with U.S. officials |
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the other Japanese foreign minister after Meiji Restoration, worked with U.S. officials to export laborers to Hawaii |
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One of two brothers who actively sold weaponry to the Japanese. They introduced Gatling Guns and more firepower to Japan then ever before. |
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ethnic Japanese people who have migrated to Japan to escape the economic instability in South America....also brazilians and peruvians
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state of being exempt from local law because of diplomatic relations, could be physical places such as military bases of foreign nations |
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The treaty signed between Japan and Korea. The treaty was heavily favored for the Japanese side, granting them rights without intervention and extraterritoriality. |
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1894-1895 fought over control of Korea, military stength of China had been weakened, reform had modernized Japan |
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Japan defeated Russia which was the first time an Asian power defeated a large western power |
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Protestant medical missionary/diplomat from US to Korea at the end of the Joseon Dynasty |
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Hawaii Sugar Planter’s Association (HSPA) |
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restrict Korean and Japanese immigration to reduce competition, allocate different jobs for different ethnicity. |
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create bank in Hawaii for loans tot immigrants who needed to pay ship fees → debt |
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On April 25, 1898 the United States declared war on Spain following the sinking of the Battleship Maine in Havana harbor on February 15, 1898. The war ended with the signing of the Treaty of Paris on December 10, 1898. As a result Spain lost its control over the remains of its overseas empire -- Cuba, Puerto Rico, the Philippines Islands, Guam, and other islands.
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A stark advocate for Filipino Independence. He is considered a national hero and his execution by the Spanish is considered to be one of the contributing factor to Philippine Independence. |
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Famous Filipino General who led the the fight against Spanish rule and the subsequent stranglehold that the US employed. He became the first president of the newly unified Filipino government. |
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lead US navy to victory in balle of manila vs. the spanish in the phillipines |
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A place of worship for sikhs. It is distinctive in that the Sikh flag can be seen from its roof. |
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The xenophobic perception of the mass immigration of Indians during the late 19th century. |
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A region of a city that continues to retain some of its cultural distinctions based on the people who live there. Chinatown, Japantown, Koreatown etc. |
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The order by Teddy Roosevelt that barred all Korean and Japanese (whether workers or not or with even passports) from entering the mainland of the US. |
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Japanese Association of America |
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The reaction by Japanese- Americans to retain their culture while living in the US and to retain ties with Japan itself. There are now many branches spread out all over the country and in different cities. |
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Korean National Association |
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Established in 1909 and continued to be the prime agent for Koreans within the US till the end of WW2. |
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A 104 year old Sikh organization. Unlike some groups, this one does not deal with politics but focuses only on religion, culture and education. |
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Hindustan Association 1913 |
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An Indian association based in San Francisco that published weekly bulletins that sought to increase supporters for the Indian Independence movement. |
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Filipino students brought to America to study and supported by the government to get degrees so that some can return and maintain governmental positions in the then occupied Philippines |
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A Fraternity formed in San Francisco in the 1920’s by the Filipinos living there. It was named in honor of Jose Rizal. |
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U.S. law stipulating that any woman who married an alien ineligible for citizenship would, herself, cease to be a citizen of the United States. |
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first Chinese American pilot who flew for the U.S. Army Air Forces during WWll. |
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when she came to the U.S. as her husband's spokesman and made a rousing address to the U.S. Congress appealing for help against the Japanese. she took a leading role in nationalist politics, running Chiang's air force at one point. |
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Also known as Smith Act of 1940. U.S. federal statute that set criminal penalties for advocating overthrow of U.S. government and require all non U.S. citizen adult residents to register with the government |
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the internment camps for Japanese Americans. February 19, 1942, about 4,000 individuals from all over the U.S. were detained by the FBI. Over half of these were Japanese immigrants who were long-term U.S. residents denied U.S. citizenship by discriminatory laws.
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An associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court that led the commission investigating the attack on Pearl Harbor. |
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a Japanese American lawyer who protested laws targeting Japanese Americans following the bombing of Pearl Harbor by breaking curfew and then turning himself in to the police. |
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A Japanese American who was sent to the internment camps during WW2. He subsequently brought a case to the Supreme Court regarding the issue of internment (Hirabayashi vs. United States). |
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law that makes violation of military orders a federal offense. Signed by Roosevelt to evacuate Japanese Americans on the west coast post Pearl Harbor Attack.
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allowed veterans to go back to school. AsAm took advantage of this bill |
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1950-1953 war between North Korea and South Korea, U.S. was on the South Korean side, and China was on North Korea’s side. They fought for communism and democracy. ended up making a peace agreement at the 38th parallel |
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Japanese Military Sex Slaves |
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also called the comfort women, Japan’s invention to promote morale during WWII |
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the first director of the FBI through the Truman and Kennedy administrations. During the Korean War, he proposed a suspension of habeas corpus that would lead to the detaining of disloyal citizens. |
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Evacuation Claims Act 1948 |
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authorized the settlement of property loss claims by Japanese Americans interned during WWII. Roughly 38 million dollars paid in compensation. |
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exclude certain immigrants from immigrating to America, post World War II and in the early Cold War. Focused on denying immigrants who were unlawful, immoral, diseased in any way, politically radical, and accepting those who were willing and able to assimilate into the US economic, social, and political structures. |
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Japanese American Citizens League which formed in 1929 and mission was to protect the rights of Japanese Americans |
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Takahashi vs. Fish and Game Commission |
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Takahashi, an alien ineligible for citizenship, brought an action for mandamus in the Superior Court of Los Angeles County, California, to compel the Commission to issue him a commercial fishing license. |
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Institute of International Education (IIE) |
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Nonprofit organization established in 1919 promoting international exchange of education and training. |
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Former US airbase on in the Philippines comprised of US and Filipino troops, and a backbone of support during the Vietnam War. |
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competition between US and Japan over automobile production industry → contributing factor to Vincent Chin case? |
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Communist party founded by Ho Chi Minh fighting against the Japanese |
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prime minister of North Vietnam who led the Viet Minh independence movement |
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prime minister of South Vietnam whom was handpicked by the US |
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He was appointed by President Wilson to the Philippine Commission and served as secretary of commerce and police in 1916. He negotiated the purchase and was first president under the Philippine ownership of Manila railroads. |
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| U.S. Office of Strategic Service (OSS) |
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a United Statesintelligence agency formed during World War II. It was the wartime intelligence agency, and it was a predecessor of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). The OSS was formed in order to coordinate espionage activities behind enemy lines for the branches of the United States Armed Forces. |
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| a Japanese American internee who wrote poems about the lives in the internment camp-Cadet nurse during WWII. |
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| the city that one of the internment camps located in Texas |
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Immigration and Naturalization Service |
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| INS was established on 10 June 1933, by their merger to administer matters related to established immigration and naturalization policy |
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National Association of Foreign Student Advisors (NAFSA) |
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| NAFSA was founded in 1948 as the National Association of Foreign Student Advisers to promote the professional development of American college and university officials responsible for assisting and advising the 25,000 foreign students who had come to study in the United States after World War II. |
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