• 6th largest city in South Korea 
• May 1980- civil demonstrations took place against the newly installed military government of Chun Doo-hwan
• student protesters are faced with brutal force, automatic weapons, versus unarmed protesters. 
• eventually civilian rule is reinstated. 

• a pseudonym for Kimitake Hiraoka (192-1970) 
• Japanese author, poet, playwrite.
• On November 25, 1970 Mishima and 4 others of the Tatenokai (a private militia in Japan dedicated to traditional Japanese values and veneration of the emperor, founded Oct 5, 1968) briefly seize the Tokyo headquarters of the self-defense forces and try to convince them to stage a coup. However, the plan fails. and he commits seppuku as per tradition. 

• 1904-1997
• prominent Chinese revolutionary 
• leader of the CCP
• never held office as the head of state or government, but was the de facto leader. 
• calmed China down after the chaos of the CR 
• Significant for his kickstarting the Chinese economy, instating economic reform, market socialism, raising the standard of living in China significantly. 

Park Chung Hee

• 1917-178
• former ROK Army general and dictatorial leader of the Republic of South Korea from 1961-1979
• becomes authoritarian after 1971
• industrializes the country, leads to quick modernization. 
• lead a widely popular military coup in 1961 
• eventually clamps down on personal freedoms for "stalin- like rule" 
• Overthrows Synman Thee in 1960 fallowing a year of political chaos.
• was a general. 
• created secret police KCIA and the Democratic Republic Party

Soka Gakkai International (SGI) 

• A clause in the National Constitution of Japan (the McArthur Constitution) which prohibits Japan from engaging in acts of war. 
• to prevent the establishment of a military in Japan
• American occupation of Japan allowed for the Americans to establish an ally in the spread of communism through East Asia
• eventually the Japanese Self-Defense Forces were established, very well equipped, good navy
• the LDP interprets this to mean that they cannot engage in international disputes, but can use the JSDF for internal issues. 
• ranked third in the world in defense expenditures 

Douglas MacArthur

Liberal Democratic Party (LDP)

• the LDP is a centre right, conservative political party in Japan and the largest 
• ruled for most of the time since it was founded in 1955
• advocates close cooperation with the United States 
• comprised of many different factions, seats inherited almost hereditarily 
• is this party really democratic if it hasn't had to cede power? 

• China and Vietnam
• refers to various economic systems where the means of production are publicly owned, but the market it utilized 
• major industries are owned by the state, but compete with each other within a pricing system set by the market. 
• the transition began in 1978 with Deng 
• Has resulted in China seeing huge economic growth. 

Kim Il Sung 

• 1912-1994
• a Korean communist who led North Korea from founding in 1948 to his death as both Prime Minister and later President 
• General Secretary of the Workers Party of Korea. 
• Departed from Marxism 
• collectivizes agriculture 
• rejected destalinizaion 
• part of a personality cult. 
• CR causes him to renew ties with the USSR
• calls his own ideology Junche 
• isolates country from the rest of the world, destroys economy, country cannot grow enough food for its people. 
• lead a small band of anti-Japanese armed forces

Cultural Revolution 

• The Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution 
• widespread social and political upheaval 
• launched by Mao in 1966 in an attempt to get rid of the rightists, class struggle
• youth form Red Guard 
• due largely to increasing conflict between Mao and Liu Shaoqi and other leaders 
• officially ended 1969, but some say continued to 1976 when Mao died 

• Vietnamese, relatively new religion (1926) (from South Vietnam) 
• prayer, veneration of ancestory, nonviolence, vegetarianism. 
• borrowed organizational forms from Catholicism, God from Daoism, but worshipped other spirits, including Victor Hugo 

• the Ryukyu island chain south of Japan, closing in on Taiwan 
• not really a part of Japan, culturally or historically 
• Brutalized/ destroyed/ great deal of destruction caused by the Americans in the Battle for Okinawa in WWII (1/3 of the population died) 
• Americans separated in from Japan, not allowed self government--> this results in the Okinawans feeling more Japanese. (27 years under Americans, returned in 1972) 
• Americans maintain military bases there 
• Different culture, religion, language from the Japanese 

• A massive military retreat undertaken by the CCP army to escape the GMD/ Nationalist party in 1934 
• march very far north, eventually settling in Yun'an 
• Significant in that this is where Mao rises to power and where he develops his political doctrine 

• Founded the Indochina Communist Party in 1930, which was later renamed the Viet Minh 
• 1890-1969
• Vietnamese Communist revolutionary 
• leads North Vietnam from 1946-1969 
• involved in both Indochinese wars 
• ties to the Soviet Union 
• declares independence not long after the Japanese surrender 
• personality cult even though the communist government today has abandoned most of his economic policies
• significant because he was able to spark nationalism in Vietnam, leads to decolonialization.