Reflexive

1.  in response to outside stimuli

• vowel like cry
• non-speech
• high front vowel
• limited resonance due to reduced oral cavity space-tongue movement

Vegitative

• same /k/, /g/, and some nasal
• all sounds still have some nasality
• most sounds at back of mouth

Stage II- Coo and Goo

When?

Characterized by?

phoneme pattern?

• 6 weeks-4 months
• char. by "cooing" and laughter sounds which indicate better control of larynx and repsiration sys.
• increased resonance- still primarily vowel- like but some consonant- like sounds emergin
• early cooing-> C...V...C...CVCV
• constriction in vocal tract-> consnant-like sounds (pre-consonants)-> and increased resonance-> vowel-like

Stage III Exploratory/Expansion Stage

aka?

When?

What are they producing?

• vocal play and Expansion
• 4-6 months
• increased control of respiration, larynx, tongue ,and lips
• now producing "phones"
• increased frequency of "lip sounds"

At 6-7 months

• begins to vocalize w/intent
• parents increase responsiveness
• kids listen to themselves
• deaf children decrease vocal play
• raspberries
• marginal babbling CV,VC syllables

STAGE IV Reduplicated Babbling Stage

aka?

7-11 months

what does it sound like?

• Canonical Babbling
• 7-11 months
• begins to sound from a native speaker
  • starts to use the sunds of the lang.
  • sounds become more like those the kid is exposed to
• exhibits prosody, inflection, linguistic stress
• non-native sounds begin to drop out
  • which may be the first evidence that they are using what they hear to shape what they are doing
• increased perios of interaction between kid and parent
• CV syllables become longer

STAGE V- Variegated Babbling Stage

when?

• 11-14 months
• use of varied consonants and vowels w/in a single vocalization
  • result= jargon
• child begins to use sounds/vocalizations that seem to be related to meaning
  • vocables=protowords

Protowords

What kind of form?

etc

• phonologically consistent form
• increased specificity than early babbling
• seem related to specific action/object
• increased inflection, more adult-like but not real words
• may occur in isolation or w/in continuous speech
• They aren't words but result from further increase in phonetic stability

• important unit in early sound development
• CV- consonant/vowel- Universal element of lang.
• easy to perceive early and produce early
• most kids learn to produce consonants in the initial position of syllables

a stable phonetic form used consistently

• a phonetically similar to adult word form of a particular lang.
• ex. aba for car= protoword
•       ka for car= word
• initially true words for a kid
  • single syllable
  • redup. syllable
  • open syllable (more than closed)
• initial manner
  • stops, nasals, glides

mastery

• criteria varies but basically it's when most kids that age can produce the target sound (usually consonants)

phonology of the first 50 words at 18 months

• 90% of kids produce /m/, /b/, /d/
• 60% of kids produce /k/, /g/, /n/, /w/
• 50% of kids produce /h/, /p/, /t/
• 33% of kids produce /sh/, /s/ tch/, /d/, /f/
• few produce /l/, /r/, /z/