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2600-1600 BCE
one of the world's earliest ciivilizations that arose in the Indus Valley. Had streets oriented to compass points, sophisticated water and sewage.
Mainly seals and small sculptures like the sculpture of a robed male figure from Mohenjo-daro survive |
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323-185 BCE
first king repelled the Greeks from India in 305 BCE.
Greatest ruler Ashoka, who converted to Buddhism and spread Buddhism through S Asia. |
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| Shunga, Andhra, and Kushan Dynasties |
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dynasties from 185 BCE-320
united by Buddhism
early type of Buddhist architecture was stupa and pillared rock-cut chaitya hall
first representations of Buddha in human form around first century
iconography of the life of buddha from his birth at Lumbini to his death at Kushinagara well established by second century |
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| Gupta and Post-Gupta periods |
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periods from 320-647
sculptors established the cannonical Buddha image in the fifth century, combining Gandharan iconography with a soft-full bodied figure in clinging garments
Buddhist caves at Ajanta are best early examples of cave painting
oldest Hindu monumental sculptures date to this period of the fifth and sixth centuries, including the rock-cut reliefs at Udayagiri, Badami, and Elephanta, and the Vishnu temple at Deogarh |
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period during 7th-12th centuries
distinctive regional styles
northern temples have a series of small towers leading to a tall beehive-shaped tower, or shikhara, over the garbha griha.
southern temples have flat-roofed pillared halls (Mandapas) leading to a pyramidal tower (vimana) |
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| dynasty in India 1529-1736 |
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| period in India from 1600-1947 |
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| chinese dynasty 1600-1050 BCE |
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| chinese dynasty 1050-770 BCE |
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| chinese dynasty 221-206 BCE |
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| Han Dynasties and the Period of Disunity |
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| chinese dynasty 206 BCE-581 CE |
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| chinese dynasty 1279-1368 |
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| chinese dynasty 1369-1644 |
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| chinese dynasty 1644-1911 |
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