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Definition
Name: New York Kouros
Date: 480 BCE
Culture/Period: Archaic Greek
Medium: Marble sculpture
Location: Greece
Importance: Shows Egyptian influence despite the statue being freed from its stone. Important early piece that shows the earliest style.
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Name: Riace Warrior
Date: 460-450 BCE
Culture/Period: Classical Greek
Medium: Bronze sculpture
Location: Greece
Importance: Life size and quite realistic. Shows growth in a relatively short period of time. Contrapposto. |
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Name: Parthenon
Date: 447-438 BCE
Culture/Period: Classical Greek. Doric with Ionic elements.
Medium: Architecture
Location: Athens, Greece
Importance: Two builders. Highly based on mathematics and seen as the perfect temple. |
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Name: Nike Adjusting Her Sandal, Temple of Athena Nike
Date: 410 BCE
Culture/Period: Classical Greek
Medium: Relief sculpture
Location: Athens, Greece
Importance: Another part of Acropolis. Shows the attention to detail, wet drapery technique, and mastery of contrapposto in the balance of the figure. |
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Name: Hermes & The Infant Dionysos
Date: 4th Century BCE
Culture/Period: Hellenistic
Medium: Marble sculpture
Artist: Praxiteles
Importance: Shows lifelike, human, and sensual qualities of Hellenistic sculpture even when depicting divine subjects. |
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Name: Laocoon & His Sons
Date: 1st Century CE
Culture/Period: Hellenistic
Medium: Marble statue
Location: Made for Romans
Importance: Exemplifies drama and violence of Hellenistic sculpture. Later influenced Renaissance artists when rediscovered in Rome. |
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Definition
Name: Capitoline Wolf
Date: 500-480 BCE
Culture/Period: Etruscan
Medium: Bronze sculpture
Location: Rome, Italy
Importance: Symbol of Rome for centuries to follow. |
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Definition
Name: Augustus of Prima Porta
Date: Early 1st C
Culture/Period: Imperial Roman
Medium: Marble sculpture
Location: Rome, Italy
Importance: Transition from Republic to essentially Monarchy or dictatorship. Differs from early depictions of senators in pose and eternal youth. |
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Definition
Name: Dionysos Mystery Frieze
Date: 50-60 CE
Culture/Period: Roman
Medium: Fresco
Location: Pompeii, Italy
Importance: Shows 2nd style of frescoes that depict a 3D world. Shows mysterious rites of Dionysos. |
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Definition
Name: Pont-Du-Gard
Date: 16 BCE
Culture/Period:
Medium: Infrastructure
Location: Nimes, France
Importance: Large and enduring aqueduct/bridge combination. |
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Name: Pantheon
Date: 125-28
Culture/Period: Imperial Roman
Medium: Architecture
Location: Rome, Italy
Importance: Temple to All Gods. Massive, could fit a big sphere inside and has a huge dome with occulus in center. Sphere as divine/perfect. Greek temple front. |
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Definition
Name: Equestrian Statue of Marcus Aurelius
Date: 175
Culture/Period: Imperial Roman
Medium: Bronze statue, once gilded
Location: Rome, Italy
Importance: Only surviving ancient equestrian statue. Very realistic. |
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Definition
Name: Portrait of Constantine
Date:315-330
Culture/Period: Late Imperial Roman
Medium: Colossal marble statue
Location: Rome, Italy
Importance: Massive and domineering. Not as lifelike. Looked over the Basilica of Constantine. |
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Definition
Name: Arch of Constantine
Date: 312-315
Culture/Period: Late Imperial Roman
Medium: Sculpture/architecture
Location: Rome, Italy
Importance: Last Triumphal arch made in Rome. |
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Definition
Name: Menorah & Ark of the Covenant
Date: 3rd Century
Culture/Period: Jewish
Medium: Mural
Location: Catacombs beneath Rome, Italy
Importance: Shows the work done at the time in the clandestine environments of the catacombs. |
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Definition
Name: Sarcophagus of Junius Basseus
Date: 359
Culture/Period: Early Christian
Medium: Carved reliefs in marble
Location: Italy
Importance: Shows the growing importance of Christian burials over cremation. Depicts Biblical scenes. Anatomy is becoming less important as is realistic space. |
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Definition
Name: Wall With Torah Niche
Date: 244-45
Culture/Period: Jewish
Medium: Interior
Location: Syria
Importance: Shows wall decorations as well as the niche that would carry over to Islamic architecture |
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Name: Basilica Ulpia
Date: 113
Culture/Period: Imperial Roman
Medium: Architecture
Location: Rome, Italy
Importance: Very large. Made by Trajan. |
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Name: Old St. Peter's
Date: 320-27
Culture/Period: Late Imperial Roman
Medium: Architecture
Location: Rome, Italy
Importance: Massive Christian structure that was a literal interpretation of Peter as the rock on which to build a church. |
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Definition
Name: Church of Santa Sabina
Date: 422-32
Culture/Period: Early Christian
Medium: Architecture
Location: Rome, Italy
Importance: Basilica style. Exemplifies early Christian architecture in Rome. |
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Name: Church of Santa Costanza
Date: 338-350
Culture/Period: Early Christian
Medium: Architecture
Location: Rome, Italy
Importance: Central plan early Christian. |
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Definition
Name: Good Shepherd in Mausoleum of Galla Placidia
Date: 425-26
Culture/Period: Early Christian
Medium: Architecture
Location: Ravenna, Italy
Importance: Shows early depictions of Christ in period that maintains some ties to Roman works. Prevalence of ornate mosaics inside central plan building that is relatively plain outside. |
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Definition
Name: Hagia Sophia
Date: 532-537
Culture/Period: Byzantine
Medium: Architecture
Location: Constantinople/Istanbul
Importance: Massive central plan domed church exemplifying Byzantine architecture. Lights, pendentives, mosaics. |
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Definition
Name: Church of San Vitale
Date: 526-47
Culture/Period: Byzantine
Medium: Architecture
Location: Ravenna, Italy
Importance: Mosaics of Justinian and Theodora. Central plan. |
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Definition
Name: Virgin & Child with Saints & Angels
Date: 6th C
Culture/Period: Byzantine
Medium: Icon. Encaustic on Wood.
Location: Egypt
Importance: Good example of icons that survived iconoclasm. Shallow space, flatter, judgemental gaze. |
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Definition
Name: Aphrodite of Melos
Date: 150 BCE
Culture/Period: Hellenistic
Medium: Sculpture
Location: Greece
Importance: ?? |
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Definition
Name: Christ Pantokrator, Church of Dormition
Date: 1080-1100
Culture/Period: Byzantine
Medium: Architecture
Location: Greece
Importance: Huge, dominating mosaic that covers the dome and glares and worshippers. |
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Definition
Name: San Marco
Date: 1063-94
Culture/Period: Byzantine
Medium: Architecture
Location: Venice, Italy
Importance: Central plan with domes. Interior covered with mosaics. |
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Name: Virgin of Vladimir
Date: 12th C
Culture/Period: Byzantine
Medium: Tempera on wood. Icon
Location: Russia
Importance: Wide reach of Byzantine style. |
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Definition
Name: Dome of the Rock
Date: 685-705
Culture/Period: Ummayad/Islamic
Medium: Architecture
Location: Jerusalem
Importance: Precedent for following buildings. Interior covered in mosaics. Central plan. |
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Definition
Name: Koran Page
Date: 9th C
Culture/Period: Isalmic
Medium: Calligraphy/book
Location: Syria
Importance: Kuffic script. Beginning of use of gold for decorative elements. |
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Definition
Name: Qibla Wall in the Sultan Hasan Mausoleum
Date: 1356-63
Culture/Period: Islamic
Medium: Architecture/Interior
Location: Egypt
Importance: Shows growth of qibla wall and mihrab niche regarding decoration. |
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