Term
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Definition
Name: Human with feline head
Date: 30,000 BCE
Place: Hohlenstein-Stadel, Germany
Material: Mamoth Ivory
Style: Animal composite, intraquite
Culture: shows animal prevolence, power of animals
Importance: oldest known sculptures in the world
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Term
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Definition
Name: Venus of Willendorf
Date: 25000 BCE
Place: Willendorf, Austria
Material:Limestone
Style: Exaggerations of femine anatomy are typical of Paleolithic
Culture: Shows fertility which is importance to time period
Importance: Very early demonstration of fertitlity in artwork
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Term
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Definition
Name: Spotted horses and negative hand imprints
Date: 23000 BCE
Place: Pech-Merle, France
Material: Wall Painting
Style: Outline
Culture:Shows depiction of animals
Importance:Could be considered signatures of community members of the growing ability to domesticate animals
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Term
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Definition
Name: Hall of the Bulls
Date: 15000 BCE
Place: Lascaux, France
Material: Wall Painting
Style: Composite Perspective
Culture: Shows both horns and experimentation with persepctive
Importance: Shows importacne of animals(bulls) as well as gathering information and expressing it through art
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Term
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Definition
Name: Rhinoceros, Wounded man, and disemboweled bison
Date:15000 BCE
Place: Lascaux, France
Material: Wall painting
Style: Wall painting, outline
Culture: Importance of bulls, penis
Importance: Possibly a early narrative, in bottom of well meaning art as expression.
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Term
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Definition
Name: Human Figure
Date: 6250 BCE
Place: Ain Ghazal, Jordan
Material: Painted Plaster
Style: Detailed faces, not realistic, armature
Culture: Possibly could represent death
Importance: Earliest Large scale scultpures known
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Term
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Definition
Name: Landscape with volcanic eruption
Date: 6150 BCE
Place: Hoyuk, Turkey
Material: Mural Paintings
Style: outline, depicting an event
Culture: showing that something is more important than animals
Importance: First known landscape painting, no humans or animals
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Term
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Definition
Name: Gallery Leading to the Main Chamber of the Passage Grave
Date: 3000 BCE
Place: New Grange, Ireland
Material:Stone
Style: Focus on astronomy, megolithic
Culture: astronomy
Importance: Arch, large construction, corbel vaulting
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Term
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Definition
Name: Stonehenge
Date: 2000 BCE
Place: Wiltshire, England
Material: Stone
Style: Astronomy, Megolith
Culture:Calender function common throughout england at this time
Importance: Well preserved megolithic that had a purpose that evolved over time
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Term
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Definition
Name: Beaker with Animal Decoration
Date: 4000 BCE
Place: Susa, Iran
Material:Painted Ceramic
Style: abstract and realitic shapes
Culture: Death pot showing fertility
Importance: Taking on and controlling nature, pottery as a gift, afterlife
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Term
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Definition
Name: White Temple and Ziggurat
Date: 3000 BCE
Place: Uruk, Iraq
Material: Mud Stones
Style: Summerian Facination with mountains
Culture: Religious views signifing more orgnaized government, and religion
Importance: Start of large monumental tombs
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Term
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Definition
Name: Female head
Date: 3000 BCE
Place: Uruk
Material: Marble
Style: Stoic, Proud, Permanent
Culture: carefully modeled, respect, gift to the gods
Importance: Possibly represents goddess inanna. Government economy, religion gathering prominance
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Term
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Definition
Name: Warka Vase
Date: 3000 BCE
Place: Uruk, Iraq
Material: Alabaster
Style: Intriquetly carved, clear narrative,
Culture: Intirquite dipiction of gods is typical
Importance: narrative, religion, formallized offerings with stories built into artwork.
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Term
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Definition
Name: Figurines from tell asmar
Date: 2700 BCE
Place: Tell Asmar
Material: Gypsum, Inlaid with Shell and black limestone
Style: Detailed, idealistic features, beards,
Culture: Votive offerings
Importance: Showing of art as expression of themselves. Part of themselves, left at the temple
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Term
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Definition
Name: Standard of Ur
Date: 2600 BCE
Place: Ur, Iraq
Material: Wood inlaid with shell, lapis lazuli, and red limestone
Style: Registers, Composite Perspective
Culture: Shows a narrative relating to kingship and battle on one side and peace and feasting on the other
Importance: Extravagant demonstration of legitmazing the kingship through art
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Term
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Definition
Name: Stele of the Vultures
Date: 2500 BCE
Place: Girsu, Iraq
Material: Limestone
Style: Detailed carved
Culture: Approaches to kingship
Importance: One side king as conquerer, other was giving the credit to the gods
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Term
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Definition
Name: Head of an Akkadian Ruler
Date:2200 BCE
Place:Nineveh, Iraq
Material:Copper
Style: Long beard, strong face and helmet.
Culture: strong
Importance: Was kept by other kings for many years as a sign of respect for legitimacy. Oldest knwon life size hollow cast head
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Term
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Definition
Name: Victory Stele of Naraam-Sin
Date:2250 BCE
Place:Susa, Iran
Material:Pink Sandstone
Style: Relief with hierarchy of scale
Culture: Sun on top of mountain
Importance: abondones typical register format, staggering the figures
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Term
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Definition
Name: Seated Statue of Gudea holding temple plan
Date: 2100 BCE
Place:Girsu, Iraq
Material:Diorite
Style: Kuneiform Writing, Idealized form
Culture: Permanent, Thought out
Importance: Shows writing and planning to show temple and convey a message
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Term
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Definition
Name: Stele of Hammurabi
Date: 1780 BCE
Place: Susa, Iran
Material: Basalt
Style: Kuneiform writing, with depictions of gods giving king power to judge
Culture: Babylonian ideal of getting power from the gods, writing
Importance: Shows writing as a huge part of legitamacy, and the growing popularity of writing
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Term
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Definition
Name: Statue of Queen Napir-Asu
Date: 1300 BCE
Place: Susa Iran
Material: Solid Bronze with copper
Style: votive offering with hardened inanimate features
Culture: wanting permance to the gods
Importance: Solid cast bronze was extremely expensive and immovable
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Term
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Definition
Name: Lamassu
Date: 720 BCE
Place: Khorsabad, Iraq
Material: Limestone
Style: detailed stoic figure, that shows the complete figure which was important at the time
Culture: menacing appearance was tpyical of assyrians. Gain power through intimidation and strength
Importance: Shows massive scale of using imposing art to gain legitimacy
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Term
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Definition
Name: Ashurbanipal Hunting Lions
Date: 640 BCE
Place: Nineveh, Iraq
Material: Gypsum
Style: Detailed reliefe showing composite perspective of animals along with long beards
Culture: Shows aggression with the Assyrian people, and the power of the king
Importance:Shows blunt method to kingship, propably used for entertainment, shows ancient celebration
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Term
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Definition
Name: Ishtar Gate
Date: 575 BCE
Place: Babylon, Iraq
Material:Blue Glazed Brick
Style: Shows animal representations of babylonain gods through reliefs
Culture: Not strong, beutiful grand, fake lapis
Importance: Demonstration of bablyonian approach as well as one of first arches in the world
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Term
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Definition
Name: Processional Friese on the terraece of apandana
Date: 500 BCE
Place: Perseopolis, Iran
Material: Limestone
Style: Composite Perspective of vaius important kings carring gifts
Culture: Shows cultures and broadness of persian emire as well as location along staircase gives message to visitors
Importance: Shows relationships between early kings and sends clear message
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Term
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Definition
Name: People, boats, and animals wallpainting from tomb 100
Date: 3500 BCE
Place: Hierakonpolis, Egypt
Material: Paint on plaster
Style: Outline and composite perspective depicting powerful animals and river
Culture: Near Eastern Traditions as well as pharoahs
Importance: Sets principle for the way pharoahs, people and animals are portrayed stylistically
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Term
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Definition
Name: Palette of King Narmer
Date: 3000 BCE
Place: Hierakonpolis
Material: Slate
Style: Confronted animals intertwined with composite perspective
Culture:Shows importance of animals, pallete customary for use in makeup
Importance: Shows metoforical unification of the kingdoms of lower and upper egypt, through war. Narmer king of upper egypt
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Term
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Definition
Name: Stepped Pyramid of Djoser
Artist: Imhotep
Date: 2630 BCE
Place: Saqqara
Material: Stone
Style: megolithic, stack stone
Culture: evolution and focus on afterlife
Importance: First demonstration of pyrmaid of stacked mastabas
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Term
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Definition
Name: Great Pyramids of Gizeh
Date: 2490 (Menkaure),2500 (Kahfre),2550(Khufu)
Place:Gizeh, Egypt
Material: Limestone
Style: huge megolithic tombs, assending to heavens
Culture: representative of meaning of afterlife to the egyptions, demonstation of the pharoahs wealth and power
Importance: huge most well known ancient art. Relatively well preserved.
Men. smallest then khufu then karfre
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Term
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Definition
Name: Khafre Enthroned
Date: 2500 BCE
Place: Gizeh, Egypt
Material: Diorite
Style:stoic, hardened stone, nemes, chizzled idealist conformation canon
Culture: shows permance of egyption art in general in material, power, physical strength
Importance: One solid very well preserved piece of stone that exemplifies classical ancient egyption art
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Term
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Definition
Name: Seated Scribe
Date: 2500 BCE
Place: Saqqara, Egypt
Material: Painted Limestone
Style: much more informal, shows true human anatomy, friendly expression, warm color
Culture: Saqquara change in belief system changed art
Importance: Displays ideas of changing art and culture through connection with people
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Term
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Definition
Name:Ti watching a hippopotamus hunt
Date: 2400 BCE
Place: Saqqara, Egypt
Material: Painted Limestone
Style: Relief showing hierarchy of scale, indifference, composite perspective
Culture: Shows importance of the nile river and elite status as an elite more formal
Importance:non royal response to royal art
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Term
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Definition
Name: Interior Hall of Rock-cut tomb of Amenemhet
Date: 1900 BCE
Place: Beni Hasan, Egypt
Material: Rock
Style: Pillars with writing on back
Culture: shows change in tomb style, mountain importance
Importance: Shows change in archetecture and major practice
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Term
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Definition
Name: Mortuary temple of Hatshepsut
Date:1450 BCE
Place: Deir el Bahri, Egypt
Material: Limestone
Style: Pillars, Steps like pyramid
Culture: still idea of the mountains and the heavens ascending the earth
Importance: Shows interchange between pyramid and mountain
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Term
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Definition
Name: Hatshepsut with offering jars
Date: 1470
Place: Deir el-Bahri, Egypt
Material: Red Granite
Style: Nemes, Nealing, strong idealistic less detailed
Culture: Shows looks like a man to gain legitimacy, showing worship to the gods
Importance: Shows values of the time
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Term
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Definition
Name: Hypostyle Hall Temple of Amen-Re
Date: 1250 BCE
Place: Karnak, Egypt
Material: Limestone
Style: Huge stone pillars with hieroglyphs
Culture: Imposing huge pillars
Importance: shows connection with greeks, advancement in archetecture
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Term
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Definition
Name: Akhenaton, Nefertiti, and three daughters
Date: 1350 BCE
Place: Armana, Egypt
Material: Limestone
Style: More formal, shows family, hieroglpys, sun
Culture: Change in values to softer side, more family oriented, monotheistic
Importance: go on above
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Term
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Definition
Name: Painted chest
Date: 1330 BCE
Place: Thebes, Egypt
Material: Wood
Style: Animals,
Culture: King brings order to chaos
Importance: Shows importance of kingship in battle etc
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Term
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Definition
Name: Innermost coffine of Tutankhamen
Date: 1323 BCE
Place: Thebes, Egypt
Material: Gold with inlay of enamel and semi precious stone
Style: osride position, nemes, happy, extragant
Culture: Shows wealth, fertility animals
Importance: Shows has returned to classical, hieroglphs
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Term
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Definition
Name: Temple of Ramses II
Date: 1290 BCE
Place: Abu Simbel, Egypt
Material: Sandstone
Style: Colousous, Detailed, powerful
Culture: This is when lots was collapsing was a warning to people entering southern egypt
Importance: Using art as a response, attempt to control kingship
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Term
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Definition
Name: Figurine of a woman
Date: 2500 BCE
Place: Syros, Greece
Material: Marble
Style: simple, not much detail well preseved
Culture: Most cycladic statueetts depict nude women
Importance: introduces geometric shape, use of marble in abstract
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Term
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Definition
Name: Bull leaping
Date: 1400 BCE
Place: Crete, Greece
Material: Fresco
Style: Displayed beautiful women, composite perspective, flying bull
Culture: Shows importance of bulls and sporitng events to the monans
Importance: Introduces monans style represetative
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Term
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Definition
Name: Landscape with Swallows
Date: 1650 BCE
Place: Cyclades, Greece
Material: Fresco
Style: Vivid colors using wet fresco which dries quickly, undulating lines
Culture: Shows importance of beauty to the monans
Importance: Use of art for arts sake
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Term
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Definition
Name: Marine Style Octopus Jar
Date: 1500 BCE
Place: Palaikastro, Greece
Material: Painted Ceramic
Style: Nature, marintime themes, undulating lines
Culture: Shows importance of water to people, nature taking over
Importance: use of amphora pot
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Term
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Definition
Name: Snake Goddess
Date: 1600 BCE
Place: Crete, Greece
Material: Faience
Style: Fertility and nature, femine prominance, geometry
Culture: Portrayed women in similar manner, focus on nature
Importance: Shows power of animal world
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Term
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Definition
Name: Young God
Date:1500 BCE
Place:Crete, Greece
Material:Ivory, Gold, Serperine, rock crystal
Style: geometric form
Culture: Shows possible religion
Importance: Early example of cryselephantine, used for greek cult statues
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Term
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Definition
Name: Inliad Dagger blade with lion hunt
Date: 1500 BCE
Place: Mycenae Greece
Material: Bronze, inlaid with gold, silver, and niello
Style: Flying Bull Style, Powerful animals,
Culture: Shows aggression used in burials as a testament to the culture, shows borrowed ideas from egypt, nearest and minoans
Importance: Cultural Syrandtims
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Term
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Definition
Name: Funerary Mask
Date: 1500 BCE
Place: Mycenae, Greece
Material: Beaten Gold
Style: etravagant reposse,
Culture: Wealth, power,
Importance: First attempt at life size sculpture in greece
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Term
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Definition
Name: Lion Gate
Date: 1300 BCE
Place: Mycenae, Greece
Material: Limestone
Style: Hermopolite composition of confroned lions, arch,monolith
Culture: Shows advancemetn with relieving triangle, similar ideas as near east
Importance: SHows connection between near east and mycenae
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Term
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Definition
Name: Corbeled Gallery in the walls of the citadel
Date: 1200 BCE
Place: Tiryns, Greece
Material: Limestone
Style: corbel arch, connection with near east
Culture: Importance of walls and archetecture
Importance:
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Term
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Definition
Name: Warrior Vase
Date: 1200 BCE
Place: Myceanae, Greece
Material:Painted Ceramic
Style: warrior culture, amphora, siloutee and outline, frontal and profile
Culture: Warrior
Importance: Use of vase painting that did not continue
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