Equestrian Figure on Fly-Whisk Hilt (book~15-4)

Date: 9th to 10th century CE

Location: Igbo-Ukwu, Nigeria

Material:Copper-allor bronze (6 3/16" high)

Method: Hollow-Casting

Function: Most likely ragalia of a leader, handle

Compare to: Charlemagne-Carolingian (pg. 430), Gattamelata-Renaissance (pg. 597), 

Marcus Aurelius-Roman (pg. 286) 

Walls and Tower, Great Enclosure, Great Zimbabwe (book~15-7)

Date: 14th century

Location: Great Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe

Function: Trade ground, and royal residence

Importance: Towerlike structures-male (large) and female (small) forms, shows the culture's belief in male dominance.

Compare: Citadel of Sargon II- Assyrian(pg. 46)

Master of the Symbolic Execution, Saltcellar, Sapi-Portuguese (book~15-12)

Date: 15th to 16th century

Location: Sierra Leone

Material: Ivory (almost 17")

Fuction: African Tourist Art

Artist: 1 of 3 Sapi Ivory Carvers of Period

Compare: Narrative in Art, or Violence in Art

Stele of Naram-Sin- Akkadian (pg. 41),

Sacrifice of Isaac- Florentine Renaissance (pg. 576)

King, from Ife (book~16-15)

Date: 11th to 12th century

Location: Ife, Nigeria

Material: Zinc brass alloy (cast)

Fuction: Portraiture of ruler, "Idealized Naturalism"

Compare: Akhenaton-Egypt Dynasty XVIII (pg. 78), Weary Herakles-Rome (pg. 148),

David-High Renaissance (pg. 622)

Mother with Children(?) (book~15-5)

Date: ca. 1000-1500

Location: the Inland Niger Delta, Mali

Material: Terracotta (1' 1 3/4" high)

Function: Symbolic of uncommon family

Compare: Women and/or Families,

Akhenaton, Nefertiti, and 3 daughters- Egypt (pg 79),

Mother of the Gracchi- Revival of Classicism (pg. 815)