Leonardo Da Vinci - Madonna on the Rocks

1483

Oil on Panel

6'6" x 4"

Studied all elements as preperation

Sfumato and Chiaroscuro

Raphael - The School of Athens

1509-11

Fresco

19'x27'

Stanze dell Segnatura Vatican Palace

A synthesis of Greek philosophy in a Renaissance space

Plato (left) and Aristotle (Right)

From Raphael's School of Athens

Plato points heavenward, representing idealism

Art defined by reason

Mathematical harmony equal beauty

Aristotle points earthward, representing empiricism

Art produced by observation and experiment

Art based on nature is most beautiful

Michelangelo - David

1501-04

Marble

17' High

Intense Gaze

Created for Republican Florence

Titian - Venus of Urbino

Oil on canvas

3'11" x 5'5"

Hieronymous Bosch - Garden of Earthly Delights

1505-10

Oil on Wood

Center Panel: 7'2" x 6'4"

Sides: 7'2" x 3'2"

El Greco - Burial of Count Orgaz

1586

Santa Tomme, Toledo, Spain

Oil on Canvas

16' x 12'

Matthias Grunewald - Isenheim Altarpiece

1510-15

9'9" x 10'9"

Albrect Duerer - Fall of Man

1504

Engraving

9" x 7"

Adam and Eve

Bernini - Ecstasy of Saint Theresa

1645-52

Marble

11'6" High

Caravaggio - Conversion of St. Paul

1601

Cerasi Chapel, Sanat Maria del Popolo

Rome, Italy

Oil on Canvas

Tenebrism

Drama

Models from the Streets

Diego Velasquez - Las Meninas

1656

Museo Del Prato, Madrid

Oil on Canvas

The Composition?

Subject?

Subtext?

Peter Paul Rubens - Elevation of the Cross

1610

St. Walburga, Antwerp

Oil on Wood

15"1' x 11"1'

Peter Paul Rubens - Arrival of Marie de' Medici at Marseilles

1622-25

Oil on Canvas

12'11" x 9'7"

1 of 21 Paintings for Her New Palace

"Rubenesque" Women

Rembrandt - The Company of Captain Frans Banning Cocq

1642

Oil on Canvas

11'11" x 14'4"

Rembrandt - Christ with the Sick Around Him Receiving Children

1649

Etching Ink on Paper

This is a Hundred Guilder Print

11" x 1'3"

Nicholas Poussin - Et in Arcadia Ego

1655

Louvre, Paris

Oil on Canvas

2'10" x 4'

Antoine Watteau - Pilgrimage to Cythera

1717

Oil on Canvas

4'3" x 6'4"

Rococo

fete galante - the amorous pastimes of the aristocrats

Jean-Baptiste Simeon Chardin - Saying Grace

1740

Oil on Canvas

1'7" x 1'3"

How did this genre painting represent the idealism of the Enlightenment?

A new moral order based on representative government?

Jacques-Louis David - Oath of the Horatii

1784

Oil on Canvas

10'10" x 13'11"

The patriotism of triplets who fought for Rome.

Winner of the Prix de Rome, David used history painting in the approved classical mode of earlier times.

Neoclassicism

Thomas Jefferson - Monticello

1770-1806

Near Charlottesville, Virginia

Based on Palladian Designs

Neoclassicism - a new architectural style

A response to the upheavals of a changed society

NEW POLITICAL REALITIES

War, empire, and post-war

THE LOSS OF THE IDEALS OF THE ENLIGHTENMENT

Perfectibility through the application of reason versus the abuses of power. Man's cruelty to man.

An aesthetic that emphasized imagination.

Far off times, places, exotic cultures

The presence of God, beauty and power of Nature.

Francisco Goya - The Third of May, 1808

1814-15

Museo Del Prado, Madrid

Oil on Canvas

8'9" x 13'4"

context-subject

style-value

composition

Eugene Delacroix - Death of Sarandupulus

1827

Louvre, Paris

Oil on Canvas

12'1" x 16'2"

Joseph William Mallard Turner - The Slave Ship

1840

Oil on Canvas

2'11" x 4'

Thomas Cole - The Oxbow

1836

Oil on Canvas

4'3" x 6'4"

Founder of the Hudson River School

Corrupt, unresponsive governments

Greedy factory owners

Socialist ideas by Marx

Street riots and reprisals

"Real Life" - what was observable

Not the fantasies of escapism or romance

A new printmaking technique that allowed great freedom of line.

Grease pencil on limestone slab

treated with weak acid

only the oily lines held the ink

applied with a stiff roller

Honore Daumier - Rue Transnonian

1834

Lithograph

1' x 1'5"

Imprisoned for his criticism of the government massacre

Thomas Eakins - The Gross Clinic

1875

Oil on Canvas

8' x 6'6"

A very commited realist and photographer

France, England, US (1870 to 1890)

Groups create exhibitions apart from official Salons

Industrialization, urbanization

Ease of Travel

Photography, new paints

Scientific studies of culture

Captures momentary effects of light and color

Claude Monet - Impression: Sunrise

1872

First Independent Show (Impressionists later aceepted the title)

Painted outdoors (plein air)

Visible brushwork/sketchy quality/complementary colors

Mary Cassatt - The Bath

1892

American

Unblended Brushstrokes

Influence of Japanese prints/composition

Printmaker and Painted

Images of Women and Children

Helped Sell Impressionist Work

Not a single style

Reaction against impressionist

Dissolution of form

Georges Seurat - A Sunday on La Grande Jatte

1884-86

Color Theory + Pointillism, divisionism

Defined forms

Leisure activity of working class

Society of independents / exhibition group

Vincent Van Gogh - Starry Night

1889

Style communicates his state of mind

Feeling about landscape, not objective record

Expressive distortions

Color-complementary and expressive

Expressive brushstrokes

Auguste Rodin - The Burghers of Calais

1884-89

Expressive use of light and shadow, surface treatment

Seems unfinished

Emphasis on human emotion to tragic event

Unpopular, did not meet traditional standards

Began as a literary movement emphasizing psychological phenomena rather than objective descriptions of nature

The symbolists believed by focusing on dreams it was possible to rise above the here and now and arrive at something universal

Edward Much - The Scream

1893

"I sensed a shriek passing through nature... I painted... the clouds as actual blood."

Emotive color and spatial sensibility