4-5^th C

Dura Europos

- Jewish home used as synagogue

- interior: artwork on the walls depicting old testament, niche for torah

Catacomb; loculi, cubicula

- earliest places for Christians during times of persecution

- outside of rome, burial places= quiet

- hold early paintings depicting Christian figures and stories

4th - 5th C

orant figure

- Characteristic shared by christians and pagans, and is just a person (no individuality) with big hands raised in prayer/worship

4th - 5th C

Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus

- coffin of marble, carvings

- registers depicting stories from the bible

- adam and eve

            - jesus arriving on donkey

- washing of feet

- Christians allowed to practice (1^st church St. John the lateran)

5th C

Santa Sabina

- basilica plan

- simplistic, has not been 'baroqued'

4th - 5th C

Santa Costanza

- central plan

- includes mosaics, mausoleums

4th - 5th C

Christ as sol Invictus

- mosaic

4th - 5th C

The Parting of Abraham and Lot

- shows transition from paganism to Christianity

4th - 5th C

Mausoleum of Galla Placida

- ordinary brick building; chapel connected to a church

- combination of basilica form and cross

4th - 5th C

Good Shepherd Mosaic

- in Galla Placida

- dressed in gold, enthroned, halo

- landscape; transitional piece (landscape slowly disappears)

4th - 5th C

“Rebecca at the Well”

- book of Genesis 

- manuscript illumination

- dyed purple; royalty

- columns (classicism) & story (Christianity)

- 2 panels

- carved ivory to cover manuscripts 

6th C

Barberini (Justinian) Ivory

            - equestrian (classical), registers, procession of bottom w/ animals

- incorporates greek & christian faith;

            - nike and & fertility figure

            - Christian blessing in top register

6th C

Hagia Sophia

- Constantinople

- 532 – 537 to build it

- built by Anthemius of Trailers and Isidorus of Miletus

- first church, than mosque, now museum

- largest dome ever created; 180 ft

6th C

San Vitale 

- Ravenna

- basilica plan

Charlemagne picks up the style for his own chapel

     Anthemius of Tralles (mathematics geometry)

and

Isidorus of Milentus (physics and theoretical science)

– came together to create the Hagia Sophia

6th C

 San Apollinare in Classe

8th C

Viking Wood Carvings

-  part of a prow of a wooden ship, pagans from 9^th to 11^th century, attacks, pillaging, fighting, settle down in Normandy in France, frame like basket-weave on it – called interlace, meant to scare, be ferocious 

8th C

Sutton Hoo burial ship: purse cover

- displays animal and interlace art, similar to bull-liar harp

– as it has man conquering animals but they are stylized; in center they are both eagles attacking the duck, four panels of interlace 

8th C

Cross and carpet page from Lindisfarne Gospel

– manuscript, intense detail, colors, design

8th C

Chi Rho Iota Page Book

- of Matthew Book of Kells

– in this manner christ was born, all illustration,

very elaborate, chiro iota in the center of the page

it is the symbol, illuminated script in trinity college

- 'under this sign, you will conquer'

8th C

High Cross of Muiredach

- combination of paganism and christianity

- circle for son god, cross for christ

8th C

Torhalle gatehouse

- carolingian art

– Has arches like Roman empire, tile pattern,

little bell tower on top, twin towers on the side;

Up until this time, no major construction bc of migration,

Charlemagne capital at Aachen

8th C

Palace Chapel of Charlemagne

- Aachen Germany

– powerful united Christian state as a visible empire, expanded territory b/c constantly at war, helped to create writing of today, holy Roman emperor; window of appearances

8th C

Plan of the Abbey of Saint Gall

– never built, one of the earliest architectural drawings,

ideal monastery, actual paper, self-contained city,

everything you need to live comfortably, twin towers

11th C

Abbey Church of Saint Michael

- Hildesheim Germany

- transitional piece

– goes to Rome and sees buildings there

so it influences this, marked the corners with towers,

interior is important because it is square nodules marked by a

pier, keeps roman tradition but not has nodules, twin towers,

- doors of bishop bernward

- holds column of life of christ

11th C

Doors of Bishop Bernward

- from Abbey Church of St. Michael

- cast bronze doors

– entrance to chapel

–16 feet tall

11th C

Column of Life of Christ

- from St. Michael

- pascal candle

– life of Christ

- probably influenced by Trajan column

11th C

gero crucifix

– created for cologne cathedral, realistic crucifixion,

wooden, space behind head, lifesize, realistic,

german expressionism, fear, suffering, penance

11th C

Gospel Book of Otto III; enthroned

- depicts divisions between church and state

11th - 12th C

Monastery of Cluny 

- Romanesque; arches, ‘heavy’ style

- bigger  aisles for more room; a total of 5

- fireproof construction

- stone vaulting for ceilings

- set the template for other churches along

pilgrimage route

- tympanum held majority of the sculpture

- jambs often sculpted into figures

walk way around the aisles to the back of the altar

11th C

St. Sernin

- romanesque

- Toulouse, France

- clearly defined; what you see outside

is what you have inside

            - nave, apse, radiating chapels, etc.

- gothic tower

- St. Sernin was a 3^rd C bishop

- 5 aisles, fireproof, etc.

11th C

Bayeux Tapestry

- romanesque

- textile

11th C

Portal sculpture of St. Lazare Autun

- romanesque

- shows Evangelists symbols

11th C

West façade Saint Etienne

- romanesque

- Caen France

- William the conquerer is buried there

13th C

Saint Denis

- gothic

– church of kings of france, patron saint of France,

- burial place for kings of france 

– befriended the kings and become ambassadors to them, decided that the church needed to be better for kings of france, he designed style with twin towers, window of appearances replaced with rose window, dyanossus philosopher that believed in light, put himself in stained glass and illustrated manuscripts saying that he created this

13th C

Chartres Cathedral: Royal Portal west façade

- gothic

– made apse walls sturdier, 10,000 figures evoking the

whole story of god and man

from creation to  final judgement;

Christ enthroned, four evangelists, 24 elders;

start very stiff and eventually

become more human with time

– royal sculptures of past kingdoms and also lead into

the bible, west façade and then apse is created

-stained glass bring light into the building and also had religious scenes,

-lancets: long panes of glass

- oculi: little circle window of glass 

13th C

Milan Cathedral

- Italy

- pediment covered all over it, epitome of Gothic   

6th C

St Michael the Arch Angel 

- ivory carving