Term
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Definition
Forced journey Indians had to make from Mississippi/ Alabama to the West. Some tried to resist and were escorted by military to Indian Territory (Oklahoma)
1/4 die
when they get there, they're not familiar with plants or animals of Oklahoma
they had to become dependent on US govt |
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Term
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Definition
1819, aka Transcontinental
we "gave" Spanish land West in exchange for Florida
achieved with no money and no war
trying to figure out borders from Louisiana Purchase |
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Term
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Definition
NY Representative proposed a gradual emancipation of Missouri
House (northern majority) passed, but Senate rejected so it didn't happen
South said the can't b/c they have a right to property
North said there will still be slavery |
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Term
| Specialization of Commerce |
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Definition
distribution of goods become more specialized as wholesalers bought larger quantities
jobbers broke down the lots for retail stores and merchants
commerce expanded with manufacturing, so agents had to specialize in finance itself |
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Term
| Cherokee Nation v. Georgia |
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Definition
once gold was found, Georgia ordered to seize Cherokee land after they refused to sell it
Cherokees turned to federal courts
John Marshall ruled that an Indian tribe had no place to sue in federal courts since they weren't a state
said they had a right to their land |
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Term
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Definition
1825
linked the Great Lakes with NYC and the Atlantic Ocean
had to be widened and deepened b/c traffic was so heavy
reduced costs and shortened trips
triggered an explosion of canal building |
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Term
| Promotion of Growth by Federal and State Governments |
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Definition
federal arsenals developed the machine-tool industry
Post Office and telegraph helped circulate information
protected inventions through patents
surveyed public land and opened it for settlement for farming
developed harbors, roads, and canals to link farms from East to West |
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Term
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Definition
Cherokee people tried to prove themselves civilized by becoming economically self-sufficient and by creating a formal government
tried to unify all of them
in 1827 adopted a Constitution modeled after the U.S.'s
formed a bicameral legislature, had court system and chief
started practicing Christianity
they had to be unified in order to resist |
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Term
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Definition
any proposed bank that met certain minimum requirement would automatically receive a state charter
reforms caused by the closing of the 2nd bank
proved to be a stimulus to the economy
new banks sprung up everywhere |
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Term
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Definition
Jackson wanted to expel all Cherokees
Congress gave him funds to negotiate new treaties and resettle the tribes W. of the Mississippi
Jackson sends an army to get rid of them
ignores Supreme Court |
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Term
| Madison's Nationalist Program |
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Definition
federalist thought
proposed a Second Bank of the U.S. (first had expired)
recommended military expansion and a protective tariff on imported goods to protect American manufacturers
seen as a way of unifying the nation |
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Term
| Second Bank of the United States |
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Definition
1816
purpose to assist the government and issue currency
mixed public and private ownership like the first
Federalist policy |
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Term
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Definition
levied taxes on imported wools, cottons, iron, etc.
raised their prices in teh U.S.
England and Mid-Atlantic states supported it; the South did not
passed to protect industries that had flourished during the war of 1812
our economy was bad since we started trading again with other countries, so people bough foreign goods over American-manufactured
we were threatened by overseas trade |
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Term
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Definition
President after Madison
continued Madison's ideas for internal improvements |
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Term
| Presidential Election of 1816 |
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Definition
Monroe easily defeated Rufus King (Federalist)
swept all but 3 electoral votes
Americans were now "one big family" and this time was the "era of good feelings" |
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Term
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Definition
1819
state v. federal jurisdiction case
expanded powers of the federal goverment
Marshall said anything not prohibited by the Constitution was constitutional
Maryland passed a law taxing a branch of the 2nd Bank of the US
considered Congress's power to issue a bank charter |
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Term
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Definition
Monroe's secretary of state, son of John and Abigail Adams
believed in expansion through negotiations, not violence
set up Rush Bagot Treaty
Monroe Doctrine was greatest achievement |
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Term
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Definition
1817
Between Britain and United States
decreased both of their naval forces
first disarmament treaty
led to demilitarization of the U.S./Canada borders |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
1823, mostly by John Quincy Adams
weak, but it worked b/c Britain supported it so that they could continue to dominate Atlantic trade
first time we "policed" another nation
we're worried about France taking land in the Western Hemisphere, so called for non-colonization of Europe in the US |
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Term
| Missouri's Petition for Statehood |
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Definition
1819
Missouri petitioned to Congress for admission to the Union as a slave state
then there would be more slave than free states
slavery was spreading b/c Missouri was the farthest north
at this time 11 slave and 11 free states |
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Term
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Definition
1820
Maine would be a free state and Missouri would enter as a slave state
rest of Louisiana Territory prohibited slavery |
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Term
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Definition
growing crops for sale and using the money to purchase wants and needs
encouraged specialization
transportation goods and services multiplied |
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Term
| Corporation and Limited Liability |
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Definition
organizations entitled to hold property and make transactions like individuals (corporations)owned by shareholders
didn't have to pay debts beyond the price of the shareholder's original investment (limited liability) |
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Term
| Railroad Construction Boom |
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Definition
1830s
earliest connected nearby cities
in 1850s connected long-distance and at reasonable rates
rarely did the north and south railroads connect with each other |
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Term
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Definition
agriculture remained back bone of the economy and exports
Center of farming moved West
plantation South shifted to MI river valley
c. farming dominated OH River Valley
in NE abandoned commercial production and resorted to improving livestock
women sold dairy and other commodities |
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Term
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Definition
Cotton gin invented by Eli Whitney at a time when textile mills had a demand for cotton cloth
cultivation of short staple cotton grew to become U.S.'s #1 export
southern capital remained in land/ slaves
dependent on slave labor, which separated the South from the national economy and the nation |
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Term
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Definition
way of mass producing clothes
a journeyman tailor (employed by master tailor who owned the workshop) cut fabric panels in the factory
masters put out the sewing at piece rates to women working in their own homes |
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Term
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Definition
1832
Worcester had been working w/ the Cherokee and a white man could sue the state, so he sued for the Cherokee
Marshall ruled that Georgian laws don't apply to natives
Georgia starts putting more pressure on Jackson |
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