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APUSH:Chapter 5- chapter 6/3
vocab
121
History
11th Grade
10/10/2006

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Term
depression
Definition
sharp drops in business activity accompained by rising unemployment
Term
John Locke
Definition
english phlisopher who developed the theory of natural rights; wrote Two Treatises on civil government
Term
Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom
Definition
stated human mind was created free and government control over religion was tyrannical
Term
Judith Sargent Murray
Definition
one of the first female playwrights in USA
Term
Republican Motherhood
Definition
offer moral guidence to husbands; educate children; ensure healthy future of the new republic
Term
Benjamin Franklin
Definition
early supporter of confederation of states; Poor Richards Almanac
Term
Articles of Confederation
Definition
document that created an association of states while guarenteeing each state its "sovereignty, freedom and independence"
Term
Land Ordinance of 1785
Definition
ordinance that marked off the land inot townships
Term
northwest ordinance
Definition
established system for governing the northwest territory; land west of ohio river (free)
Term
daniel Shays
Definition
former revolutionary war captain
Term
Shays's Rebellion
Definition
(1786-1787) Farmers shut down debtors courts and stopped property auctions; spurred delegates to want to ammend articles of confederation
Term
Articles of Confederation
Definition
(1781-1789) 13 articles, each state had one vote, 9/13 was required for legislative action, 13/13 required to ammend the articles themselves, No chief executive, No judicial branch, and congress was an assembly of delegates chosen by the states.
Term
Powers of articles
Definition
declare war/make peace;
coin and barrow money;
conduct foriegn policy and sign; treaties;
opperate and maintain a postal system;
Term
Powers denied by articles
Definition
Inforce its' own laws in the state;tax;regulate interstate trade and business; create and maintain a federal army and navy
Term
State Sovereignty
Definition
powers lie within the states
Term
Republicanism
Definition
Representative government; "supreme power rests in the consent of the governed" White male property owners(21 years old)
Term
First demarcation of free or slavery
Definition
ohio river; north=free south=SLAVES
Term
Federalism
Definition
division of powers between a strong central government and state government
Term
Tarrifs
Definition
tax on imports and exports
Term
bicameral
Definition
made up of two houses
Term
electors
Definition
delegates seleceted by state governments
Term
constitutional convention
Definition
(May-September 1787) meeting in philidelphia; 55 delegates only Rhode Island not present
Term
Date of Adoption of Constitution
Definition
(September 17,1787) Only needed 9/13 to ratify
Term
James Madison
Definition
Father of the constitution; wrote virginia plan
Term
Edmund Randolph
Definition
Governor of virginia who presented virginia plan
Term
Virginia Plan
Definition
drafted by Madison; bic cameral; federal form of government; representation based on population
Term
Roger Sherman
Definition
Connecticut; proposed a two house legislature based on population and equal representation
Term
Great Compromise
Definition
proposed by Roger Sherman; granted each state one vote in the upper house and population in lower house
Term
Three-Fifths Compromise
Definition
only 3/5 of slave population count to states overall population
Term
Federalists
Definition
favored ratification
Term
Anit-Federalists
Definition
feared a powerful nation government
Term
The Federalist Papers
Definition
series of 85 essays; written for newspapers under name Plubis; written by Hamilton, Madison and Jay; solicited ratification of Constitution
Term
delegated powers
Definition
enumeral;exclusive to central federal government
Term
concurrent powers
Definition
powers that are shared by the federal and state government Ex. taxes
Term
supremacy clause
Definition
states that constitution and all federal laws outrank state constituions and state laws
Term
seperation of powers
Definition
allocation of powers between 3 branches; prevents anyone from being too powerful
Term
checks and balances
Definition
established by constitution; allows sharing of powers and prevented one branch from being too powerful
Term
Age requirement for House
Definition
25 years
Term
Age requirement for Senate
Definition
30 years
Term
Citizenship for House
Definition
7 years
Term
Citizenship for Senate
Definition
9 years
Term
Powers of the House
Definition
only body who can draw articles of impeachment; introduce revenue/tax laws
Term
Power of the Senate
Definition
jury in trials of impeachment
Term
strict construction
Definition
Antifederalist belief; literal translation of the Constitution
Term
loose construction
Definition
Federalist belief; the government can do anything the Constitution doesn't specifically forbid
Term
Jeffersonian Democracy
Definition
a)simple efficient and frugal government b) elimination of national debt c)redcution of army and navy d) lower taxes e) promotion of agrarian taxes, states rights, civil liberties f) laissez-faire
Term
Jay Treaty with England
Definition
English agree to withdraw from NW territory;settle land boundry disputes, pay american ship owners for seizing goods, stop impressment of american soldiers
Term
Bill of Rights
Definition
10 ammendments meant to protect individual liberites
Term
Judicary Act of 1789
Definition
established federal district court for each states; 6 justicies of Supreme court; defined courts powers; created office of attorney general
Term
Alexander Hamliton
Definition
first secretary of treasury; most trusted advisor of Washington
Term
Bank of the US
Definition
national bank; central bank with branches in major cities
Term
Whiskey Rebellion
Definition
(1794) rebellion on whiskey tax; Pittsburgh; Hamiltons tax on corn liquor; federal officials tarred and feathered
Term
Little Turtle
Definition
commanded group of Indians who were deffending thier land in the northwest territory
Term
7 Hats
Definition
1) commander and chief of armed forces 2)chief of state 3)chief diplomat 4)chief legislater 5)chief jurist 6)chief politician 7)chief executive
Term
Pinckney Treaty
Definition
(1795)With Spain;fixed southern boundry of united states at 31st parallel; granted rights of deposit in new orleans; rights to use the Mississippi
Term
Alien and Sedition
Definition
Laws intended to protect the nation and weaken the republicans;gave president authority to imprison or expel threatning aliens
Term
Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions
Definition
Madison and Jefferson opposed alien and sedition acts by federalists;right of nullification
Term
Anthony Wayne
Definition
led forces to protect Northwest Territory
Term
Battle of Fallen Timbers
Definition
Indians vs Wayne's army; Ohio; ended with Treaty of Greenville and loss of Indians land
Term
Treaty of Greenville
Definition
gave US indian lands in ohio and indiana; indians received $20;000 in goods and formal claims to lands they still had
Term
Filibuster
Definition
Senate; person has to keep speaking until stopped by a cloture
Term
Filibuster
Definition
Senate; person has to keep speaking until stopped by a cloture
Term
Cloture Rule
Definition
stops filibuster; 16 senators and 3/5s Senate votes
Term
Senate
Definition
no time limits on floor; elected by state legislators
Term
Article II
Definition
executive
Term
Article III
Definition
judicial branch
Term
Article IV
Definition
states rights
Term
Article V
Definition
ammending the constitution
Term
Article VI
Definition
national supremacy
Term
Article VII
Definition
ratification
Term
Presidental age requirement
Definition
35 years
Term
Presidental term
Definition
4 years
Term
Presidental Citizenship
Definition
(natural born) 14 years of residence
Term
First President born in US
Definition
Van Buren
Term
Electoral College
Definition
number of house and senate members
Term
Electoral College (House)
Definition
435
Term
Electoral College (Senate)
Definition
100
Term
Electoral College (Washington DC)
Definition
3
Term
Required number of votes for election
Definition
270
Term
When eletoral college meets
Definition
1st Monday after 2nd Wednesday in December
Term
president salary
Definition
$400;000(set in 2003)
Term
vice president salary
Definition
$198;600
Term
impressments
Definition
british practice of kidnapping american sailors and forcing them to serve in the british navy
Term
right of deposit
Definition
right to transfer goods at a destination without having to pay duties on the cargo
Term
sectionalism
Definition
loyalty to a particular part of the country
Term
french revolution
Definition
french rebellion; french overthrew monarchy and made french republic
Term
Edmund Genet
Definition
sent to US to get aid for france in war agaisnt england
Term
John Jay
Definition
first chief justice
Term
Charles-Maurice de Talleyrand-Perigord
Definition
frances foriegn minister who demanded XYZ from US
Term
XYZ affair
Definition
Demanded bribe loan from US in exchange for french stay away from american ships (code for three agents)
Term
Sedition
Definition
to speak out against the government
Term
Jurisdiction
Definition
mostly statute laws; =constitutional issues
Term
Original Jurisdiction
Definition
case begins in supreme court
Term
Appeallate Jurisdiction
Definition
case starting in a lower court
Term
Docket
Definition
court schedule
Term
Constitution becomes law
Definition
june 1788
Term
5th amendment
Definition
due process and eminent domain
Term
12th amendment
Definition
president and vice president are elected seperately;reduction from five canidates to 3 for house to chose pressident
Term
presidential term limit
Definition
10 years/2 terms
Term
judicial review
Definition
power of the courts to declare an act congress unconstitutional
Term
Aaron Burr
Definition
US senator from new york who ran for presidency
Term
John Marshall
Definition
Chief justice for 30 years; was federalist
Term
Mabury V Madison
Definition
First landmark court case of supreme court; also the first use of judicial review
Term
Louisianna Purchase
Definition
Largest land Purchase; $15Million$; bought buy Jefferson; created unrest among northern federalists
Term
Toussiant-Louverture
Definition
Led Slave revolt in Espanola and took over colony
Term
Lewis and Clark
Definition
Sent on expedition to explore land; map geography; and record natural resources
Term
Sacagawea
Definition
Shoshone hired guide and interpurter on expedition
Term
Zublan Pike
Definition
Printed sights of mississippi valley and discoverd pikes peak in colorado
Term
federalists (leaders)
Definition
Alexander Hamilton* John Jay James Madison and John Marshall
Term
federalists (occupations)
Definition
politicians; wealthy merchants; lawyers; planters WEALTHY
Term
federalists (trade)
Definition
England
Term
Antifederalists (leaders)
Definition
Samuel Adams John Hancock Patrick Henry
Term
Antifederalists (occupations)
Definition
Farmers; politicians; and planters COMMAN CLASS YO
Term
Antifederalists (trade)
Definition
France
Term
Midnight judges
Definition
Adams federalists appointments
Term
Writs of Mandamus
Definition
Order from higher level to lower level to do something
Term
Embargo act of 1807
Definition
Against foreign imports and no exports; hurt economy
Term
Non intercourse act
Definition
Replace embargo act
Term
Madison: Macon's Bill of 1810
Definition
States wouldnt trade wit aggressors in the seas
Term
War Hawks
Definition
Henry Clay and John Calhoun
Term
War in NW Territory
Definition
(1811)Governor William Henry Harrison and John Tyler; Tipacanoe River Against Tenkaswatawa
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