Term
| What was Lincoln's view on secession? |
|
Definition
-there would be no conflict unless the south provoked it
-wholly impractical (true geographically...Appalachian/MI river) |
|
|
Term
| Why did the European nations want the U.S. to split? |
|
Definition
| -easier to take land in N/S America (British esp.) |
|
|
Term
How many forts remained that belonged to the Union? (Name one)
Why didn't Lincoln like his forts? |
|
Definition
-Fort Sumter...other=Moultrie
(Charleston harbor)
-Sumter had too little provisions (last only a few weeks)...would have to surrender
-sending reinforcements would cause backlash from SCers mad about their harbor being blocked |
|
|
Term
| What was Lincoln's compromise regarding where to send troops? (Ft Sumter) |
|
Definition
| -notified South Carolinians that an expedition would be sent to PROVISION the garrison, not to reinforce it. |
|
|
Term
| What happened w/ Lincoln's compromise regarding where to send troops made into a battle? (Ft Sumter) |
|
Definition
| cannons fired on the U.S., taking it as an act of aggression |
|
|
Term
| What caused the next four states to secede? What were they? |
|
Definition
| Lincoln's ordering of 75,000 militiamen; Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, and North Carolina |
|
|
Term
| What were the border states? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why were MO, KY, and MY such valuable states? |
|
Definition
-double manufacturing capacity of the South
-increase horse supply
-Ohio River (KY/W. VA) |
|
|
Term
| How did Lincoln deal w/ the border states? |
|
Definition
-declared martial law where needed
-sent in troops (MY)
-sent troops into MO, West VA |
|
|
Term
Why did Lincoln make this declaration:
"If I could save the Union w/o freeing any slave, would do it; and if I could save it by freeing all the slaves, I would do it; and if I could by freeing some and leaving others alone, I would also do that." |
|
Definition
| didn't want to drive border states/butternut region away |
|
|
Term
| Where/what is the "butternut" region? Why was it so? |
|
Definition
-Southern Ohio, Indiana, Illinois
-place where people didn't want to have an antislavery war
-had been largely settled by Southerners |
|
|
Term
Who did the 5 civilized tribes side w/? why?
What did that side do to secure it? |
|
Definition
-south
-owned slaves themselves
-Confederate gov't agreed to take over federal payments to the tribes, and invited the Native Americans to send delegates to the Confederate congress (NAs sent troops in return) |
|
|
Term
What NAs sided w/ the North?
What happened to them after the war? |
|
Definition
-rival faction, most of the Plains Indians
-herded onto reservations |
|
|
Term
| What names were given to the "brothers" who were at war in the Civil War? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When the war broke out, the South seemed to have great advantages. What were they? |
|
Definition
-morale
-bred to fight
-North had to conquer vast Confederacy and drag it back to the Union
-South only needed to fight to a draw |
|
|
Term
| Who did Lincoln unofficially offer command of the Northern army to? |
|
Definition
| Robert E. Lee...until he joined the Confederacy |
|
|
Term
| Lee's chief lieutenant for much of the war was ______ |
|
Definition
| Thomas J. ("Stonewall") Jackson |
|
|
Term
Economically, the South seemed to be handicapped by _____.
How did they get around this? |
|
Definition
-the scarcity of factories
-Seizing federal weapons, running Union blockades, and developing their own ironworks |
|
|
Term
| Who is the youngest general in the Union army? What became of him? |
|
Definition
-George Armstrong Custer
-perished @ Little Bighorn in 1876 |
|
|
Term
| Why were supplies hard to transport to the Confederate army? |
|
Definition
| caused by a breakdown of the South's rickety transportation system, especially where the railroad tracks were cut or destroyed by the Yankee invaders |
|
|
Term
| The North boasted about WHAT percent of the nation's wealth? How many miles of railroad? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Who had the better navy - North or South?
What did this cause? |
|
Definition
-North - "established a blockade that, though a sieve at first, soon choked off Southern supplies and eventually shattered Southern morale."
-"enabled North to exchange huge quantities of grain for munitions and supplies from Europe." |
|
|
Term
| Most civil war soldiers had been ___. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| V/F: Most troops were native-born, but immigrants did serve in rough proportion to their presence in the general population. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| "Though enemies, Union and Confederate soldiers shared a common commitment to the patriotic '__' and the cause of of liberty, independence, and republican government" |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why could being a Civil War soldier be really boring/unpleasant? |
|
Definition
-men spent fifty days in camp for every one in battle
-reveille, roll call, and drill were daily chores
-had a lot of hunger
-...led to a lot of religious ritual breaking |
|
|
Term
| Why was the North less fortunate militarily? |
|
Definition
HINT: LEADERS
-Lincoln was forced to use a costly trial-and-error method to sort out effective leaders |
|
|
Term
| Why did King Cotton fail the South? |
|
Definition
-He had been so lavishly productive ... enormous exports of cotton had piled up surpluses in British warehouses
-when the real pinch came, "wage slaves" did not want to help slaveowners |
|
|
Term
| While the South had King Cotton, the North had King ____ |
|
Definition
| Wheat and Corn...needed McCormick's mower-reaper |
|
|
Term
| "The direst effects of 'cotton famine' in Britain were relieved by..." |
|
Definition
-as Union armies penetrated the South, they captured or bought considerable supplies them to Britain
-the Confederates also ran a limited quantity through the blockade
-Cotton growers of Egypt and India, responding to high prices, increased their output
Finally, booming war industries in England, which supplied both the North and the South, relieved unemployment |
|
|
Term
| V/F: during the war, Britain was shipping grain to the North, because it had the cheapest and most abundant supply |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-1861
-A Union warship cruising on the high seas
-north of Cuba stopped a small steamer,
-the Trent and
-forcibly removed two Confederate diplomats for Europe |
|
|
Term
| Describe the British reaction to the Trent affair |
|
Definition
-war preparations buzzed
-London Foreign Office prepared an ultimatum demanding surrender of the prisoners and an apology
-slow communications let passions cool on both sides |
|
|
Term
| Describe the conflict over the Alabama |
|
Definition
-Name of noteworthy unneutral building in Britain of Confederate commerce-raiders
-Were not warships w/in the meaning of loopholed British law because they left their shipyards unarmed and picked up their guns elsewhere
-The Alabama escaped to the Portuguese Azores, and there took on weapons and a crew from two British ships that followed it
-Captured 60 vessels
-captured support from Northern navy
-destroyed by stronger Union cruiser off the coast of France |
|
|
Term
NAME THAT MAN
Charles Francis Adams |
|
Definition
American minister who prodded the British into realizing that allowing Confederate raiders to be built was a dangerous precedent that might someday be used against them
-still, 250 ships were captured when they violated the leaky laws to build more |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-two Confederate warships
-being constructed in the shipyard of John Laird and Sons in Great Britain
-Designed to destroy the wooden ships of the Union navy with their iron rams and large-caliber guns
-far more dangerous than the Alabama
-placed in Royal Navy to avoid conflict w/ North |
|
|
Term
| What did the conflicts w/ Britain/North make a threat to? |
|
Definition
|
|
