Term
| What was the Southern argument against Harriet Beecher Stowe? |
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Definition
-only briefly saw slavery
-lived for a while in Ohio, a hotbed of the Underground Railroad |
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Term
| Why didn't Britain intervene in the Civil War? |
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Definition
| people had fallen in love with U. Tom's Cabin, didn't want to help South |
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Term
| A book called ___ written by ___ tried using statistics to prove that nonslaveowning whites were hurt the worse by slavery |
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Definition
| "The Impending Crisis of the South," by Hinton R. Helper...banned in the South |
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Term
| THIS ORGANIZATION gave $ to 2,000 people to Kansas to forestall the South |
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Definition
| New England Emigrant Aid Company |
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Term
| DEFINE: Beecher's Bibles....named after... |
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Definition
| rifles (sometimes Sharps rifles)....Henry Ward Beecher |
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Term
| What did the South call abolitionists moving into their promised slave state? |
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Definition
| "Nebrascals" (even though they went to Kansas) |
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Term
| What the hell happened to the government of Kansas? |
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Definition
-When KS tried to elect its leaders, "border ruffians" from MO came and rigged the elections to favor the South
-The new government was set up at Shawnee Mission.
-Abolitionists were pissed and set up a different gov. @ Topeka
-THEN a bunch of pro-slaveryites burned part of abolitionist Lawrence (KS) |
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Term
-Describe John Brown's (1st) raid
-what's JB's nickname?
-where was his raid located? |
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Definition
-In May 1856, went down to P. Creek and shot five supposed pro-slaveryites
-"Old Brown"
-Pottawatomie creek" |
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Term
| DEFINE: Lecompton Constitution |
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Definition
-When KS had enough citizens (mostly free-soilers) for statehood on popular sovereignty
-Southerners proposed the Lecompton Constitution
-It provided that citizens could vote for/against slavery, but existing slavery would still be protected
-free-soilers protested, so slaveryites won |
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Term
| Define: tricky KS constitution of 1857 |
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Definition
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Term
| Who supported the Lecompton Constitution? Who was against it? |
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Definition
-Pierce
-Stephen A. Douglass...threw away S. support for presidency...argued for fair play...put Lecompton const. to popular vote, and THEN KS remained a territory until the Southern states seceded in 1861 |
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Term
| V/F: The Lecompton Constitution split the last national party in existence |
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Definition
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Term
| Talk about a certain incident w/ a cane... |
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Definition
-Charles Sumner of MA gave a passionate abolitionist speech
-called "The Crime Against Kansas."
-Insulted S. Carolina, Senator Andrew Butler
-Thus insulted Congressman Preston S. Brooks of SC, Butler's cousin
-Butler realized Sumner wouldn't accept him to a duel, so he went in and beat Sumner with his cane until it broke
-Both were reelected amid resignation and surgery |
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Term
| Who did Democrats choose as their nominee in Cincinnati for the election of 1856? Why? What was his nickname? |
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Definition
| James Buchanan, because he had been serving as a minister to London during the Kansas-Nebraska uproar...."Old Buck" or "Old Fogy." |
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Term
| Who were the two possible Republican candidates in 1856? Which won the nomination |
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Definition
| -"Higher Law" Seward, and John C. Frémont (won) |
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Term
John C. Frémont (VA/GA):
nickname? |
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Definition
| -"Pathfinder of the West" |
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Term
| What was the dem./repub. platform? (1856) |
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Definition
d-popular sovereignty!
r-NO SLAVERY! |
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Term
-why did the Nativist Party exist?
-what was its nickname?
-who was its candidate in 1856?
-What religion did it hate?
-What was its slogan?
-Why did it threaten Republican strength? |
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Definition
-influx of German/Irish immigrants + old-stock Protestants
-"Know-Nothing" party
-Millard Fillmore
-Catholicism
-"Americans Must Rule America."
-remnant Whigs voted for the party |
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Term
| How was John C. Frémont criticized? |
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Definition
-bachelor
-illegitimate birth
-allegedly a Roman Catholic |
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Term
| Why did John C. Frémont lose? |
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Definition
| -violent threats of fire eaters that election of him would = declaration of war, forcing to secede...northerners wanted to preserve the Union |
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Term
While John C. Frémont lost the election of 1856 for the Republicans, it was good because ____
Also, the Republicans were 2 years old but stood up to the Democrats!!! |
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Definition
| John C. Frémont would not have led a civil war as strongly as Lincoln |
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Term
NAME THAT MAN: (not the effects...)
Dred Scott |
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Definition
-slave who worked w/ master for 5 yrs in IL territory
-Abolitionist friends convinced him to sue new master for freedom since he'd cross slavery lines
-MO ct ruled in Scott's favor, but new master took it to Supreme Ct |
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Term
| Talk abt Supreme Ct Scott v. Sanford |
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Definition
-Taney = chief justice (MY)
-Ruling #1: Scott was not a citizen, and thus not protected by the Constitution, and THUS could not sue in fed. ct
-Ruling #2: Slaves are property, so they are protected under the 5th amendment (due process of law to take property) so the federal government couldn't make any laws regarding slavery
-Undid MO, 1820 Compromise(s)!!!!!!!!
-Southerners wanted to secede even more when Northerners didn't want to honor Supreme Ct |
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Term
| While the panic of 18__ was not economically as bad as the panic of 18__, psychological effects from ___ worsened it |
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Definition
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Term
| What caused the Panic of 1857? |
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Definition
-CA gold rush caused inflation
-over speculation in railroads and wheat from the Crimean War
-lots of unemployment and hunger
-"Bread or Death"=slogan |
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Term
| The Panic of 1857 caused the worst effects in what region of the country? |
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Definition
North (grain growers)
South was untouched w/ cotton |
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Term
Homesteads:
-what was the argument for them?
-when did the government finally begin considering it?
-what were the arguments against it? |
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Definition
-reward the pioneers who are willing to risk their life/health/safety to develop the 160 acres of land
-Panic of 1857
-Eastern industrialists didn't like free land since they were afraid of losing their underpaid workers to the West
-The South realized that it would diminish slavery, and there would be more free-soilers |
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Term
| Define: homestead act of 1860 |
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Definition
-land was available for 25 cents/acre
-passed in congress, vetoed by Buchanan |
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Term
| Talk about the Tariff of 1857 |
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Definition
-the fed. government had a huge surplus, and reduced the rate to 20% (lowest since 1812)
-Northern manufacturers freaked(panic of 1857, you know), and called for higher tariffs |
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Term
Abraham Lincoln:
-kind of awkward, but held his own in debates (7 w/ Douglas)
-Born into KY log cabin to impoverished parents
-largely self-educated
-married "above himself" into Todd family
-"Honest Abe" for case choices
-held important papers in his stovepipe hat
-Whig politician in 1847-9 Congress
-Kansas-Nebraska Act really got Lincoln fired up |
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Definition
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Term
| Of the 7 debates that Lincoln had w/ Douglas, where was the most famous? Describe |
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Definition
-Freeport (IL)
-Lincoln asked Douglas whether or not the people of a territory could vote to abolish slavery
-yes=violate Dred Scott/Supreme Ct precedent
-no=violate popular sovereignty, which he was a huge proponent of
-Said that by not voting in any laws that supported slavery, yes, they could.
-This was the Freeport Doctrine
-made Douglas win the battle but lose the war |
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Term
| Talk about John Brown's 2nd raid |
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Definition
-invade South secretly w/ handful of followers
-call upon slaves to rise
-furnish them w/ arms
-establish free black state as sanctuary
-asked Douglas and Tubman to come, who both declined
-struck @ Harper's Ferry and killed 7
-the slaves didn't rise up
-U.S. Marines under the command of Robert E. Lee captured Brown
-"Old Brown" was convicted of murder and treason |
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Term
| According to critics, "Governor Wise of Virginia would have been wiser if..." |
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Definition
| he had put John Brown in an insane asylum |
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Term
| Describe John Brown's demeanor and last words during his trial |
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Definition
-"Osawatomie Brown" was very courageous, dignified... to be a matyr for the abolitionists
-last words: "this IS a beautiful country" |
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Term
| Describe the Northern reaction to John Brown's execution |
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Definition
-many were unaware of JB's violent past, just saw him as a martyr
-free-soil centers in the North tolled bells, fired guns, lowered flags, held rallies, etc. |
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Term
| Talk about the presidential nominees of 1860 |
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Definition
-N Democrats chose Stephen A. Douglas
-S Democrats chose Breckenridge
-Constitutional Union Party (AKA Do Nothing or Old Gentleman's) chose Bell
-REPUBLICANS VOTED ABRAHAM LINCOLN!! WOOT!!! |
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Term
| Why didn't S Dems like Douglas in Charleston? |
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Definition
-Freeport Doctrine
-Objection to Lecompton Constitution
-went to Baltimore and picked moderate Breckenridge (KY) |
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Term
| What was the N Dem. platform? (1860) |
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Definition
proponents of...
-popular sovereignty
-Fugitive Slave Law |
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Term
| What ruined Seward's prospects of presidency? |
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Definition
-"irrepressible conflict" speech in Rochester
not a reason, but worth mentioning...
-Lincoln was a favorite son of IL |
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Term
| What was the Republican platform of 1860? Why did it please everyone? |
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Definition
-nonextension of slavery (free-soilers)
-higher tariff (manufacturers)
-no abridgment of rights (immigrants)
-free homesteads (farmers)
-internal improvements @ federal expense |
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Term
| What is significant about the election results of 1860? |
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Definition
-popular votes for totaled Democrats (Breckenridge+Douglas) > Linclon
-electoral vote still would have won
-gave South cause to secede |
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Term
| V/F: Bell was a proponent of secession |
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Definition
| falsum. Even though he was the fire-eater candidate...Douglas and Bell did pretty well in slave states |
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Term
-The south, before secession...
-had a 5-4 Supreme Ct majority
-no senate/house control
-fed gov couldn't touch slavery
-amendment for slavery could be defeated by south |
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Definition
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Term
| What where the first 7 states to secede? |
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Definition
-South Carolina
-Alabama, MI, FL, GA, LA, and TX |
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Term
| Who was chosen to be the Confederate President @ Montgomery? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why didn't the lame duck Buchanan stop the Southern states from seceding? |
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Definition
-while he didn't think that they had the Const. authority to secede, he saw nothing in that document that said that he could do anything about it
-also, the standing army was spread out and thus kind of weak |
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Term
NAME THAT MAN:
KY Compromiser who took over for Clay
(more detail!) |
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Definition
-Henry Crittenden
-made Crittenden Compromise:
-slavery in all territories was to be prohibited north of the 36-30 line
-slavery south of that line and all territories to be acquired would be protected |
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Term
| Why did Lincoln reject the Crittenden Compromise? |
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Definition
| He had been elected on a nonexpansionist platform |
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Term
| What might've happened if Buchanan had taken action in the South? |
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Definition
-fighting would've erupted sooner
-N looks like aggressor
-border states would've been driven Sotuh |
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Term
| V/F: The S thought the N depended on them economically, thus wouldn't wage war |
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Definition
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Term
| V/F: The North was really into self-determination when the South seceded. |
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Definition
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