Term
| W. E. B. DuBois (1868-1963) |
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Definition
A black orator and essayist. Helped found the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). He disagreed with Booker T. Washington's theories, and took a militant position on race relations. |
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| Charlotte Perkins Gilman (1860-1935), Women and Economics |
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Definition
Urged women to work outside the home to gain economic independence. Attacked the traditional role of homemaker for women. |
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Journalists who searched for and publicized real or alleged acts of corruption of public officials, businessmen, etc. Name coined by Teddy Roosevelt in 1906. |
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| Robert M. LaFollette (1855-1925) |
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| A great debater and political leader who believed in libertarian reforms, he was a major leader of the Progressive movement from Wisconsin. |
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John Dewey (1859-1952): the school and society, "progressive education", "learning by doing"
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American philosopher and educator, he led the philosophical movement called Pragmatism. Influenced by evolution, he believed that only reason and knowledge could be used to solve problems. Wanted educational reforms. |
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| Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. |
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Definition
| A famous justice of the Supreme Court during the early 1900s. Called the "Great Dissenter" because he spoke out against the imposition of national regulations and standards, and supported the states' rights to experiment with social legislation. |
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| Women's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) |
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A group of women who advocated total abstinence from alcohol and who worked to get laws passed against alcohol. |
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Booker T. Washington (1857-1915), Tuskegee Institute
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An educator who urged blacks to better themselves through education and economic advancement, rather than by trying to attain equal rights. In 1881 he founded the first formal school for blacks, the Tuskegee Institute. |
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Frederick W. Taylor, Scientific Management
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1911 - Increased industrial output by rationalizing and refining the production process. |
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Signed by Taft, it bolstered the regulatory powers of the Interstate Commerce Commission and supported labor reforms. It gave the ICC the power to prosecute its own inquiries into violations of its regulations. |
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Regulated banking to help small banks stay in business. A move away from laissez-faire policies, it was passed by Wilson. |
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The Progressive Party, it was Roosevelt's party in the 1912 election. He ran as a Progressive against Republican Taft, beating him but losing to Democrat Woodrow Wilson. |
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Industrial Workers of the World |
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| An international union currently headquartered in Cincinnati, Ohio. At its peak in 1923 the organization claimed some 100,000 members in good standing, and could marshal the support of perhaps 300,000 workers. Its membership declined dramatically after a 1924 split brought on by internal conflict. |
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New Nationalism, Theodore Roosevelt
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A system in which government authority would be balanced and coordinate economic activity. Government would regulate business. |
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New Freedom, Woodrow Wilson
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| He believed that monopolies had to be broken up and that the government must regulate business. He believed in competition, and called his economic plan "New Freedom." |
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A Norwegian-American sociologist and economist and a primary mentor, along with John R. Commons, of the institutional economics movement. He was an impassioned critic of the performance of the American economy, and is most famous for his book The Theory of the Leisure Class (1899). |
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