Details Title: Applied Behavior Analysis Description: Chapter 7 Total Flash Cards: 25 Created: 10/12/2008 19:08:08		New Users: To study from this flashcard set, or to create your own your own study flash cards, REGISTER HERE. Existing Users: CLICK HERE. Additional Education Flashcards
Cards in this set: Term A-B design   Definition       A two-phase experimental design consisting of a pre treatment baseline condition (A) followed by a treatment condition (B) Term       affirmation of the consequent Definition A three step form of reasoning that begins with a true antecedent-consequent (if A - then B) statement and proceeds as follows: 1) If A is true, then B is true 2) B is found to be true 3) therefore, A is true   Term       ascending baseline Definition       A data path that shows an increasing trend in the response measure over time Term       Baseline Definition     A condition of an experiment in which the independent variable is not present; data obtained during baseline are the basis for determining the effect of the independent variable Term       baseline logic Definition     A term sometimes used to refer to the experimental reasoning inherent in single-subject experimental designs; entails 3 elements: prediction, vrification, and replication Term       confounding variable Definition       An uncontrolled factor known or suspected to exert influence on the dependent variable Term       dependent variable   Definition The target behavior or measurable dimensional quantity of that behavior (rate,duration)   *Behavior is dependent on the independent variable Term       descending baseline Definition       A data path that shows a decreasing trend in the response measure over time. Term       experimental control Definition   The outcome of an experiment that demonstrates convincingly a functional relation, meaning that experintal control is acheived when a predictable change in behavior (dependent variable) can be reliably produced by manipulating a specific aspect of the environment(independent variable). Term       experimental design Definition   The particular type and sequence of conditions in a study so that meaningful comparisons of the effects of the presence and absence (or different values) of the independent variable can be made. Term     experimental question Definition     A statement of what the researcher seeks to learn by conducting the experiment (research question) Term       external validity Definition     The degree to which a study's findings have generality to other subjects, settings, and/or behaviors. Term       extraneous validity Definition     Any aspect of the experimental setting (lighting,temp) that must be held constant to prevent unplanned environmental variation. Term       independent variable Definition   The particular aspect of the environment that the experimenter manipulates to find out whether it affects the subjects behavior.(intervention,treatment,experimental variable) Term       internal validity Definition     Experiment shows convincingly that changes in behavior are a function of the independent variable and not as a result of uncontrolled/unknown variables. Term       parametric analysis Definition     An experiment designed to discover the differiental effects of a range of values of an independent variable (ex. comparing the effects of several tratment plans) Term       practice effects Definition     Improvements in performance resulting from opportunities to perform a behavior repeatedly so that baseline measures can be obtained. (confounds a study and baseline should be continued until steady state.) Term       prediction Definition A statement of the anticipated outcome of a presently unknown or future measure   One of the 3 components of experimental reasoning (+ replication,verification)   Term       replication Definition     Repeating conditions within an experiment to determine the reliability of effects and increase internal validity (+prediction,verification) Term       single-subject deigns Definition     Repeated measures of the subject's behavior are obtained as she/he are exposed to each condition. The participant is theirown control (within-subject design) Term       stable baseline Definition     Data that shows no evidence of an upward or downward trend (w/i a small range) Term       steady state responding Definition A pattern of responding that exhibits relatively little variation in its measured dimensional quantities over a period of time. Term       steady state strategies Definition   Repeatedly exposing a subject to a given condition while trying to eliminate or control extraneous influences on the behavior and obtaining a stable pattern of responding before introducing the next condition Term       variable baseline Definition       Data points that do not consistently fall within a range of values and do not suggest any clear trend Term       verification Definition     Demonstrating that the prior level of baseline responding would have remained unchanged had the independent variable not been introduced (+prediction,replication)