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AP World Ch. 17
The Diversity of American Colonial Societies, 1530-1770
16
History
12th Grade
01/09/2012

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Cards

Term
Columbian Exchange
Definition
The exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and technologies between the Americas and the rest of the world following Columbus's voyages.
Term
Council of the Indies
Definition
The institution responsible for supervising Spain's colonies in the Americas from 1524 to the early eighteenth century, when it lost all but judicial responsibilities.
Term
Bartolomé de Las Casas
Definition
First bishop of Chiapas, in southern Mexico. He devoted most of his life to protecting Amerindian peoples from exploitation. His major achievement was the New Laws of 1542, which limited the ability of Spanish settlers to compel Amerindians to labor for them.
Term
Potosí
Definition
Located in Bolivia, one of the richest silver mining centers and most populous cities in colonial Spanish America.
Term
encomienda
Definition
A grant of authority over a population of Amerindians in the Spanish colonies. It provided the grant holder with a supply of cheap labor and periodic payments of goods by the Amerindians. It obliged the grant holder to Christianize the Amerindians.
Term
creoles
Definition
In colonial Spanish America, term used to describe someone of European descent born in the New World. Elsewhere in the Americas, the term is used to describe all non-native peoples.
Term
mestizo
Definition
The term used by Spanish authorities to describe someone of mixed Amerindian and European descent.
Term
mulatto
Definition
The term used in Spanish and Portuguese colonies to describe someone of mixed African and European descent.
Term
indentured servant
Definition
A migrant to British colonies in the Americas who paid for passage by agreeing to work for a set term ranging from four to seven years.
Term
House of Burgesses
Definition
Elected assembly in colonial Virginia, created in 1618.
Term
Pilgrims
Definition
Group of English Protestant dissenters who established Plymouth Colony in Massachusetts in 1620 to seek religious freedom after having lived briefly in the Netherlands.
Term
Puritans
Definition
English Protestant dissenters who believed that God predestined souls to heaven or hell before birth. They founded Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1629.
Term
Iroquois Confederacy
Definition
An alliance of five northeastern Amerindian peoples (six after 1722) that made decisions on military and diplomatic issues through a council of representatives. Allied first with the Dutch and later with the English, the ___________ dominated the area from western New England to the Great Lakes.
Term
New France
Definition
French colony in North America, with a capital in Quebec, founded 1608. New France fell to the British in 1760.
Term
coureurs de bois
Definition
Means runners of the woods. French fur traders, many of mixed Amerindian heritage, who lived among and often married with Amerindian peoples of North America.
Term
Tupac Amaru II
Definition
Member of Inca aristocracy who led a rebellion against Spanish authorities in Peru in 1780-1781. He was captured and executed with his wife and other members of his family.
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