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an internal condition that motivates people to achieve a goal
- essential drives
-nonessential drives |
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| stimuli that we learn to associate with rewards |
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| motivation to maintain optimum level of arousal |
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| we perform best at an esay task with high arousal, visa versa |
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| Opponent Process theory of motivation |
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action reaction. We want to return to emotional baseline
• Addiction is associated with this |
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| Homeostasis regulation theory |
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| motivation to maintain physical equilibrium |
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| instinctual affiliation with caregivers |
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Lorenz and his ducks
- has to do with imprinting |
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Lorenz and his ducks
- has to do with imprinting |
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we have psychological needs and our drive is to fulfill these needs and our motivation is to decrease drive.
• A person who is hungry, for instance, eats in order to reduce the tension that hunger produces. |
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| our environment motivates what we do |
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| the need to see new things |
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| Central state theory of drives |
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| different regions of neurons correspond to different drives |
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| the need to see new things |
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| set of neurons in which activity constitutes a drive |
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| Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs |
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| • basic to self- actualization (achievement of full potential) |
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| Intrinsic motivation vs External motivation |
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| belief in own ability to achieve |
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all animals need physical stimulation
- Harlow's monkeys |
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- Lewin
- approach approach
- approach avoidance
- avoidance avoidance
- multiple approach avoidance |
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| Lateral area of hypothalamus |
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| Ventromedial area of hypothalamus |
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| causes you to stop eating |
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| hormones systems work to turn on/ off feeding center. cycles information |
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| - leads to insulin release and tells body to stop seeking food centers |
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| - leads to insulin release and tells body to stop seeking food centers |
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| motivated to seek food when low |
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| released by fat when enough energy is present. slows eating |
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released from intestine when food is present
- lower presence of PYY in obese |
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| how glucose is converted into energy |
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-formation of pair bonds.
- released during sex in females |
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| responsible for sexual feelings |
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| sex hormone in women and responsible for menstrual cycle |
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| time in womb where sex of baby can be manipulated by hormone release |
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- testosterone release prenatally signals sex drive development
- in women, prenatal release is not related to sex development |
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| men are socialized to be more sexual and thus try to sexualize everything |
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| popular "script" has man pursue a woman who morphs from (hostile --> confused--> intrigued->coy->passionate |
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- both concerned with similarity
- women are more concerned with resources and support
- men are concerned with sexual faithfulness |
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-larger portion of hypothalamus in heterosexual males then homosexual males and heterosexual females
- less testosterone released in the womb of gays? |
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