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AP Psych: Heredity
OUr genetic background
13
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
10/20/2013

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Term
Heredity
Definition
The genetic transmission of traits from one generation to the next.
Term
Chromosomes
Definition
A microscopic threadlike structure in the nucleus that carry genetic information.
Term
Identical twins
Definition
Individuals that are 100% genetically similar.
Term
Genes
Definition
Biochemical messengers that are key in transmitting hereditary information.
Term
Fraternal twins
Definition
Individuals that share an average of 50 percent of their genes.
Term
Family studies
Definition
Studies in which researchers attempt to determine the influence of heredity by examining specific traits of blood relatives, looking for similarities and differences.
Term
Twin studies
Definition
Studies in which the traits of identical and fraternal twins are compared in order to assess the influence of heredity.
Term
Adoption studies
Definition
Studies that compare the traits of adoptive children with both their biological and adoptive parents in order to look for similarities and differences.
Term
Dominant gene
Definition
The gene that is expressed when two paired genes are different.
Term
Recessive Gene
Definition
The gene whose influence is hidden when two paired genes are different.
Term
Evolutionary Theory
Definition
Theory describing the changes in physical traits through successive generations.
Term
Natural Selection
Definition
Principle claiming that traits and behaviors increasing reproductive survival will be passed on from generation to generation.
Term
Fitness adaptation
Definition
Evolutionary process of adapting to environmental changes that occurs throughout a population in order to solve survival or reproductive problems.
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