Term
|
Definition
Every bit of info that your senses experience
Key to whether or not this level of info will move to next level: attention |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Temporary storage for new info
Interference is a major issue
Increase capacity through: rehearsal or chunking |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In a list of items, people are more likely to remember those items at the front (primacy) or end (recency) of the list, items in the middle are most likely to be lost |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Keys to whether info reaches this level: rehearsal and relevancy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Clustering
Conceptual hierarchies
Schemas (knowledge based on prior experiences)
Semantic Networks (knowledge linked together by related concepts) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the ability to identify known info from unknown |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| reconstruct info, happens through our ability to make sense of the world |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| possible examples would be bike riding/roller skating |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| memory of one bit of info, triggered by the info of a certain stimuli (hearing a certain song reminds you of a person) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the process of forming a memory code that will allow the individual to retrieve the info correctly |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Alan Baddeley
STM has 4 components |
|
|
Term
| 4 Components of Working Memory |
|
Definition
Phonological Loop
Visuospatial Sketchpads
Central Executive
Temporary Buffer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| allows for repetition of data |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| gives a place to build/hold visual images |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "Mission Control" that coordinates |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| workspace that allows integration between short-term memory and long-term memory |
|
|
Term
| Systems of Memory: Declarative |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Systems of Memory: Procedural |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Systems of Memory: Semantic |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Systems of Memory: Episodic |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Systems of Memory: Retrospective |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Systems of Memory: Prospective |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| loss of info over a period of time (disuse and/or lack of relevancy, fades away) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
blocking of information
retroactive and proactive |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| later memory blocks earlier |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| earlier memory blocks later |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
loss of memory due to physical trauma of the brain
Retrograde and anterograde |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| unable to create new memories |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| disease that seriously affects both cognitive and social functioning |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Form of dementia
Have clumps and tangles in their brain tissue
Positive ID only through autopsy
Erases persons' personality over time
Affects part of the brain that controls language, cognition, and memory
Cause unknown |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The study of behavior and the mental/physical processes that make it happen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| people being watched change their behavior |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
father of modern psychology
proponent of stucturalism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| breaking down what was to be studied into its most basic parts |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
believed that people are truly unpleasant
free association
psychoanalytic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| school of thought that psych should only concern itself on what can be objectively observed (environment) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| emphasis on the uniqueness of humans and their capabilities of positive growth (idea that people are genuinely good) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Has doctoral degree (Ph.D or Psy.D)
cannot prescribe medication |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Has medical degree (M.D.)
Can prescribe medication |
|
|
Term
| What is the only way to prove that there is a cause and effect relationship? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| that a cause and effect relationship exists |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| that no cause and effect relationship exists |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the factor that the researcher believes will have a statistically significant impact on the dependent variable |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| receives the independent variable |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| does not receive the independent variable |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| intense study of an individual behavioral issue (ex. Genie, synesthesia, MPD) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| researchers follow a group of people for a period of years, to study an aspect of their behavior (ex. Framingham Heart Study, Hiroshima, National Children's Study) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| researchers question subjects on certain issues of interest (option polls) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| researchers look to see if there is a connection between two or more things (ex. the more income you make, the more likely you will vote) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sum of scores within a group divided by the number of scores |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| midpoint of the range of scores |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| frequent score in a set of scores |
|
|
Term
| Trisomy 21 (Down Syndrome) |
|
Definition
extra 21st chromosome
no known cause
characteristics: intellectual disability, flattened face, strong tendency to bond, strong drive to eat |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
persistent communication and social interaction deficits in multiple situations, restricted, repetitive behavior and interests
Signs appear in at least 1 of 3 areas: social skills, language, and/or behavior
Savants |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| feeling of apprehension/dread |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| irrational fear of something |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fear of the outside world |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Obsession: the thoughts that produce the anxiety
Compulsion: the behavior repeatedly performed in an effort to ease the anxiety
Cause unknown |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
a survivor of a traumatic event will relive the fear through events, overwhelming that person's ability to cope
Risk factors: being female, prolonged exposure of trauma, history of self/family depression, history of neglect/abuse in childhood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Symptoms include: irritability, loss of interest/energy, feelings of sadness/hopelessness, suicidal thoughts |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| manic depression (manic does not mean happy) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
describes a collection of brain disorders that cause the afflicted to interpret reality in an extremely abnormal function (in their own world)
brain/CNS are different |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| late motor development, unusual repetitive behaviors, social-life-long disorder |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
individual loses touch with reality, including presence of delusions and/or hallucinations
people are out to get them |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
loss of touch with reality combined with abnormal physical behavior
Physical behavior can go from coma-like states to extremely agitated movements |
|
|
Term
| Disorganized Schizophrenia |
|
Definition
word salad
defined by words, thoughts and behavior that fail to make sense |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| person has combo of schizophrenic symptoms as well as symptoms of either depression or bipolar disorder |
|
|
Term
| Schizotypal Personality Disorder |
|
Definition
schizophrenia light
usually can be made aware of their distorted thoughts versus reality |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| individual thinks that others are out to cause them harm (do not have hallucinations) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
realize the difference between right and wrong, but do not care
manipulative, deceitful, unemotional, lack of personal responsibility |
|
|
Term
| Borderline Personality Disorder |
|
Definition
emotional instability/mood swings
self injury/suicidal thoughts |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflated sense of self, deep need for admiration, puts self on pedastal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
individual seeks to be the center of attention
theatrical quality to their lives |
|
|
Term
| Avoidant Personality Disorder |
|
Definition
| socially awkward, extremely sensitive to negative evaluation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
extreme need to be taken care of
sense of urgency to be in a relationship |
|
|
Term
| Obsessive-Compulsive Personality |
|
Definition
extreme need for order/perfection, rigidity to rules, seeks control over situations
not the same as OCD |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
the ability to receive stimuli from the outside world
sensation is universal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
your interpretation of the stimuli
perception is individual
learned and based on the individuals interpretation of the sensation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the ability to recognize stimuli depends on whether the amount of stimuli reaches the level of threshold |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the weakest amount of stimuli necessary for human sensory systems to recognize 50% of the time |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
middle ear bones become rigid
hearing aids can help |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
due to damage to the inner ear
cochlear implants can help |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
sensory systems work in a unique way
appears to have genetic components
may be connected to autism
ex. one can feel color |
|
|
