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| Most people are not philosophers, but they nevertheless have a basic outlook on life, a more or less coherent world-view. At the risk of oversimplification, one may say that the world-view of medieval and early modern Europe was primarily religous and theological. |
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| The Copernican Hypothesis had enormous scientific and religious implications, many of which the conservative Copernicus did not anticipate. |
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| Galileo Galilei's great achievement was the elaboration and consolidation of the experimental method. That is, rather than speculate about what might or should happen, Galileo conducted controlled experiments to find out what actually did happen. |
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| Galileo formulated the Law of Inertia. Rest was not the natural sate of objects. Rather, an object continues in motion forever unless stopped by some external force. Aristotelian physics was in a shambles. |
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| Law of Universal Gravitation |
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| The key feature of the Newtonian synthesis was the law of universal gravitation. According to this law, every body in the universe attracts every other body in teh universe in a precise mathematical relationship, whereby the force of attraction is proportional to the quantity of matter of the objects and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. |
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| Bacon's contribution was to formilize the empirical method, which had already been used by Brahe and Galileo, into the general theory of inductive reasoning known as empiricism. |
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| Descartes's view of teh world as consisting of two fundamental entities is known as Cartesian dualism. |
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| The scientific revolution was the single most imprtant factor in teh creation of teh new world-view of the eighteenth century Enlightenment. This world-view which has played a large role in shaping the modern mind, grew out of a rich mix of ideas. |
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