Details Title: AP Chem Atomic Structure Description: Formulas and scientists' names/theorems Total Flash Cards: 27 Created: 10/20/2008 13:39:27		New Users: To study from this flashcard set, or to create your own your own study flash cards, REGISTER HERE. Existing Users: CLICK HERE. Additional Chemistry Flashcards
Cards in this set: Term electromagnetic radiation Definition means of energy transfer, all electromagnetic radiation travels at the speed of light (c)   3.00 × 108   meters/ second     Term wavelength ( λ) Definition distance between two consecutive peaks or troughs Term frequency (V) Definition number of waves per second that pass a given point in space Term wavelength in relation to frequency Definition λV = C Term dual nature of light Definition eletromagnetic radiation exhibit both wave and particle properties Term Max Planck Definition energy is quantized and can only be gained or lost in discrete units called quanta or integer multiples of   hV,   E = nhV   h is Planck's Constant (6.626  × 10-34)   Term Albert Einstein Definition electromagnetic radiation can be viewed as a stream  of "particles" called photons   E = hV =  hc/ λ   also discovered that energy has mass   m =  E/c2 = h/λc Term Louis de Brogile Definition All matter exhibits particlulate and wave properties   λ = mv    v is for velocity here       Term continuous spectrum Definition contains all wavelengths of visible light Term line spectrum Definition contains only a few lines, which correspond to discrete wavelengths Term Bohr Model Definition E = -2.178 × 10-18 J (Z2 / n2 ) Term Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle Definition we never know where exactly an electron is Term Quantum Number Definition the address of an electron Term n Definition principle quantum number or the energy level   1- s 2 - s,p 3 - s,p,d 4 - s,p,d,f Term l Definition angular momentum quantum numbers   n - 1   0-s 1-p 2-d 3-f   Term m l Definition magnetic quantum number   - l to l Term m s Definition electron spin   - 1/2  + 1/2 Term Pauli exclusion principle Definition no two electrons can have the same address or the same set of principle quantum numbers Term Aufbau Principle Definition for every proton, there is an electron Term Hund's rule Definition one electron in each orbital before they double up Term Ionization Energy Definition The energy it takes to remove an electron.   Increases as you go left to right in a period Decreases as you go down a group/family Term Electron Affinity Definition energy needed to ADD an electron   More negative as you go from left to right in a period More positive as you go down a group/family   Term Shielding Effect Definition As an energy level is filled, it becomes a "shield" from the nucleus Term Atomic Radius Definition half the distance between two indentical atoms' nuclei     Decreases as you go from Left to Right in a period Increases as you go down a group/family Term Cation Definition Positive ion, few electrons, more positive pull, so smaller than neutral parent atom Term Anion Definition negative ion, more electrons, more repulsion, larger atom Term The Pattern across a period Definition cations get smaller anions get larger