Term
|
Definition
| Discovered that DNA is the genetic material |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Took X-ray pictures of DNA |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Discovered the structure of DNA
The 3 major features of DNA...
1. DNA is a double helix
2. 4 Nitrogen Bases
3. Strands are antiparallel
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| DNA strands run in opposite directions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Deoxyribose
Phosphate
Nitrogen Bases |
|
|
Term
| What is the backbone of DNA? |
|
Definition
| Deoxyribose and Phosphate |
|
|
Term
| What are the 4 nitrogen bases in DNA? |
|
Definition
1. Adenine
2. Guanine
3. Cytosine
4. Thymine |
|
|
Term
| What joins the 2 strands of DNA together? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Made of deoxyribose, phosphate and nitrogen base |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Single Ring
Ex: Thymine and Cytosine
Remember the Y's |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Double Rings
Ex: Adenine and Guanine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Amount of A = T
Amount of C = G |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Adenine bonds with Thymine
Cytosine bonds with Guanine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
complementary
that means that A bonds with T and
C bonds with G |
|
|
Term
All species are made of A, T, C and G.
The only difference between species is... |
|
Definition
| how many nitrogen bases and in what order. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Making a copy of DNA
Occurs during the S phase of the cell cycle |
|
|
Term
| Semiconservative Replication |
|
Definition
After replication the 2 molecules of DNA will consist of an old strand and a new strand of DNA |
|
|
Term
| What is the enzyme that unwinds and unzips the DNA for replication? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the enzyme that removes twists and knots that may form as the DNA is unziped? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the enzyme that adds on the the DNA nucleotides? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| DNA Polymerase moves from... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The new complement strand of DNA grows in the... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The strand of DNA that goes from 3' to 5' in the same direction as the replication fork is the _____ strand. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Replication occurs fast as the DNA polymerase adds on nucleotides in the same direction it is unzipping.
This strand runs 3' to 5' |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
DNA polymerase moves away from the replication fork.
Is slower than the leading strand
DNA nucleotides are added in fragments |
|
|
Term
| The strand of DNA that goes from 5' to 3' and in the opposite direction of the replication fork is called the _____ strand |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Short segemnts of DNA made on the lagging strand during replication |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Connects Okazaki segements to produce a single complementary strand of DNA |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Special repair enzymes fix incorrectly paired nucleotides |
|
|
Term
| Nucleotide Excision Repair |
|
Definition
| Incorrectly placed nucleotides are excised (removed) by enzymes called nucleases. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Short repetitive nucleotide sequences that do not contain genes at the ends of chromosomes |
|
|
