Term
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Definition
two concentric layers of muscle surrounding the anal canal
- inner sphincter --> involuntary control
- outer sphincter --> voluntary control |
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Term
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Definition
"columns of Morgagni"
- folds of mucosa that extend vertically down from the rectum to the anorectal junction
- each column contains an artery and a vein --> may form hemorrhoid |
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Term
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Definition
| three semilunar transverse folds in the rectal interior |
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Term
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Definition
- lies in front of the anterior wall of the rectum and 2cm behind the symphysis pubis
- surrounds the bladder neck and the urethra
- has 15-30 ducts that open into the urethra
- secretes a thin, milky, alkaline fluid to help sperm viability
- bilobed, measuring 2.5x4cm; lateral lobes separated by a median sulcus |
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Term
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Definition
| project like "rabbit ears" above the prostate; secrete fluid rich in fructose to nourish sperm, contains prostaglandins |
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Term
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Definition
| aka, "Cowper glands"; pea-sized glands located inferior to the prostate on either side of the urethra; secrete a clear, viscid mucus |
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Term
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Definition
| - dark green first stool of newborn, passed w/in 24-48 hours of birth |
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Term
| voluntary control of anal sphincter -- age |
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Definition
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Term
| Benign prostatic hypertrophy |
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Definition
- present in 1 of 10 males at age 40
S: urinary frequency, urgency, hesitancy, straining to urinate, weak stream, intermittent stream, nocturia, sensation of incomplete emptying
O: symmetric nontender enlargement; surface feels smooth, rubbery, or firm (like consistency of a nose), with median sulcus obliterated |
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Term
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Definition
- higher incidence in African American men; more likely to be diagnosed at advanced stage, mortality 2x higher than whites
- screening w/ digital rectal exam and PSA starting at 50 for most men, 40 for high-risk |
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Term
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Definition
- incidence 20% higher in African-American than white
- mortality 50% higher in AA than white
- colonoscopy every 10 years beginning at 50, FOB annually |
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Term
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Definition
| a hair-containing cyst located in midline over the coccyx; dimple w/ tuft of hair and possibly an erythematous halo; congenital disorder, often diagnosed between ages of 15-30 |
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Term
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Definition
| an abnormal passage from inner anus to skin surrounding anus; results from chronically inflamed GI tract; usually originates from a local abscess |
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Term
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Definition
| a painful longitudinal tear in the superficial mucosa at the anal margin; frequently accompanied by a sentinel tag; often result from trauma (e.g. large stool). |
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Term
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Definition
S: fever, chills, malaise, urinary frequency and urgency dysuria, urethral discharge; dull, aching pain in perineal and rectal area
O: an exquisitely tender enlargement; with chronic inflammation, may feel boggy |
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