Term
|
Definition
Binds to M2 protein of influenza A to prevent uncoating. Adverse Reactions
Dizziness, nervousness, confusion, hallucinations
CNS: triggers dopamine release and/or acts as dopamine agonist (sometimes used in Parkinson’s) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Neuraminidase inhibitor, inhibits release of assembled viral particles
Inhibits both influenza A and B (inhalation) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Neuraminidase inhibitor, inhibits release of assembled viral particles
Inhibits both influenza A and B (oral) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Ribavirin monophosphate inhibits guanine nucleotide synthesis (viral RNA replication)
Ribavirin triphosphate inhibits viral mRNA capping (translation of viral RNA)
For RNA viruses like influenza |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Activated by viral thymidine kinase (TK)
AcycloGTP inhibits viral DNA polymerase (for HSV) Significant adverse effects
Intravenous: local irritation, phlebitis, nephrotoxicity, CNS toxicity
Oral: nausea & vomiting |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Same mechanism as acyclovir. Significant adverse effects
Serious hematological adverse effects associated with bone marrow suppression: leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Chain-terminating inhibitor of reverse transcriptase. Significant adverse effects
Anemia and bone marrow suppression (possible inhibition of mitochondrial DNA pol gamma)
Viral mutation to drug resistance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Chain-terminating inhibitor of RT |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Chain-terminating inhibitor of RT.
Resistance develops slower than AZT |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Non-nucleoside inhibitor of reverse transcriptase. Significant adverse effects
Viral mutations to drug resistance give cross-resistance to other NNRTI’s but not to NRTIs.
Resistance frequently observed after single dose administration to mothers
Liver damage (high risk)
Skin rash, sometimes severe
Affects levels of other co-administered drugs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Chain-terminating inhibitor of RT |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Chain-terminating inhibitor of RT |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Non-nucleoside RT inhibitor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Tenofovir
and Emtricitabine
and Efavirenz |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Protease inhibitor. Significant adverse effects
Requires precise dosing every 8 hours
Poor compliance increases rate of emergence of resistance mutants
Resistant viruses frequently cross-resistant to other protease inhibitors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Protease inhibitor family member
Administered at subclinical dose for protease inhibition
Mode of action: Inhibits liver enzyme that degrades other protease inhibitors (e.g. lopinavir) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
HIV fusion inhibitor
Novel drug class: Biomimetic peptide
Binds to viral protein GP41, and inhibits GP41 association with GP120, the host CD4+ cell receptor |
|
|
