Term
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Definition
5-HT3 receptor antagonist
Emesis control to reduce host toxicity in chemotherapy |
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Term
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Definition
Antimetabolite
Folic acid analog, may be poly(glutamylated)
Inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase (FH4 & purine) & thymidylate synthase (FH2 & thymidine) |
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Term
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Definition
Antimetabolite
Pyrimidine analogue
Used to treat colon cancer & solid tumours of the stomach, breast, liver esophagus, head, neck & anus
Requires bioactivation in the cell
Incorporated into RNA/DNA and interferes with RNA & DNA synthesis & function
Inhibits thymidylate synthase |
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Term
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Definition
Antimetabolite
Pyrimidine analogue |
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Term
| Cytosine arabinoside (AraC) |
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Definition
Antimetabolite
Pyrimidine analog, S-phase-specific
Inhibits RNA and DNA synthesis after conversion to active drug
Used to treat haematologic malignancies (acute myelogenous leukemia, Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma) |
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Term
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Definition
Antimetabolite
Purine analogue
Pro-drug converted to drug forms via HGPRT
Administered with allopurinol to inhibit metabolism |
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Term
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Definition
Xanthine oxidase inhibitor
Blocks conversion of 6-mercaptopurine (purine analogue) to inactive 6-thiouric acid
Prevents gout & nephrotoxicity caused by excessive uric acid |
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Term
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Definition
Aantimetabolite
Purine analogue
Specific to lymphoid cells |
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Term
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Definition
Antimetabolite
Purine analogue
Used to treat low grade Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma & chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) |
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Term
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Definition
Antimicrotubule agent
Inhibits polymerization
Mitotic arrest at M-phase leading to cell death
Used to treat Hodgkins & Non-Hodgkins lymphoma, multiple myeloma, paediactric tumours
Toxicity: syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion |
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Term
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Definition
Antimicrotubule agent
Inhibits polymerization
Mitotic arrest at M-phase leading to cell death
Used to treat Hodgkins & Non-Hodgkins lymphoma, breast & germ cell cancer
Toxicity: vesicant (blistering), nausea, vomiting |
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Term
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Definition
Antimicrotubule agent
Prevents depolymerization
Mitotic spindle poison via enhanced polymerisation without MAP & GTP
Used to treat ovarian cancer, breast cancer, small cell and non-small cell cancer etc.
Administered with dexamethasone and diphenylhydramine to reduce hypersensitivity reactions |
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Term
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Definition
Antimicrotubule agent
Prevents depolymerization |
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Term
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Definition
| Administered with paclitaxil to reduce the incidence of hypersensitivity reactions |
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Term
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Definition
| Administered with paclitaxil to reduce the incidence of hypersensitivity reactions |
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Term
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Definition
Alkylating agent
Cross-linking DNA, depurination, cleavage of ringed bases, abnormal base pairing
P450 activation is required
Used by Lance Armstrong to treat testicular cancer |
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Term
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Definition
Alkylating agent
Cures testicular cancer but renal toxicity is a major limitation
Used to treat solid tumours |
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Term
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Definition
Alkylating agent
Cures testicular cancer but renal toxicity is a major limitation
Used to treat solid tumours |
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Term
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Definition
Topoisomerase I inhibitor
Stabilizes DNA/Topo I complexes
DNA breaks accumulates & replication is impaired |
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Term
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Definition
Topoisomerase II inhibitor
Anthracycline
Cardiotoxicity, myocardial damage may lead to CHF |
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Term
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Definition
Topoisomerase II inhibitor
Causes DNA damage that increases risk of secondary malignancies later in adulthood |
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Term
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Definition
Topoisomerase II inhibitor
Anthracycline |
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Term
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Definition
Targeted non-cytotoxic agent
Inhibits EGF receptor
Used to treat lung cancer |
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Term
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Definition
Targeted non-cytotoxic agent
Inhibits Ras/Raf kinases & other Tyr kinases
Used to treat renal cell cancer, melanoma |
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Term
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Definition
Targeted non-cytotoxic agent
Inhibits human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2)
Used to treat breast, gastric, & esophageal cancer |
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