Term
Amphotericin B
Nystatin
- Class
- Mechanism
- Toxicity/activity |
|
Definition
Class:
- Polyene
Mechanism:
- binds ergosterol in plasma membrane and creates hole in membrane thus destroying the ion gradient
Toxicity:
- Amphotericin B is highly nephrotoxic but lipid formulations are kidney protective and allow for selective distribution to tissues |
|
|
Term
Fluconazole
Itraconazole
Voriconazole
Posaconazole
- Class
- Mechanism
- Toxicity/activity |
|
Definition
Class:
- azoles
Mechanism:
- bind Cyt P450 inhibiting conversion of lanosterol to ergosterol → leaky membrane
Toxicity:
- must lower dosage of some medications (coumadin, digoxin) due to inhibition of Cyt P450 breakdown of these meds |
|
|
Term
Terbafine
- class
- mechanism
- toxicity/action |
|
Definition
Class:
- Squalene epoxidase inhibitor
Mechanism:
- blocks ergosterol production at the squalene to lanosterol level |
|
|
Term
Caspofungin
Micafungin
Anidulafugin
- class
- mechanism
- toxicity/action |
|
Definition
Class:
- echinocandins
Mechanism:
- blocks β 1,3 glucan synthesis thus inhibiting hyphal tip and branch point growth
Activity:
- fungus must be actively laying down cell wall in order for medicine to work
- older septated cells are unaffected and not killed |
|
|
Term
Flucytosine
- class
- mechanism
- toxicity/activity |
|
Definition
Class:
- DNA inhibitor
Mechanism:
- yeast cytosine deaminase clips off amino group of 5- fluorocytosine to form 5-fluorouracil which acts as a chemotherapy agent; RNA cannnot be made
Toxicity:
- toxic to rapidly dividing cells (marrow, GI) and liver |
|
|
